aice travel and tourism paper 1

tourism

providing products and services such as transport, accomodation, and activities to customers (tourists)

ecotourism

visiting a place to enjoy the natural environment without causing damage

accomodation

a place where people can stay, for example, a hotel

eco-lodges

small-scale forms of accomodation that are environmentally sustainable, often found in rural destinations

customer service

meeting the needs and wants of customers by providing them with products and services

social media

websites and apps for sharing photos and information

customer needs

the basic human requirements of a customers, e.g. food, clothing, shelter, safety, a sense of belonging and self-esteem

customer wants

customers’ preferences, for example, the type of hotel they want to stay in, or the type of restaurant they want to visit

destinations

areas that attract visitors

customer demand

how willing and able a customer is to purchase particular products and services

sustainable travel and tourism

visiting places in ways that help sustain or conserve the environment and how people live

pandemic

a serious outbreak of disease across the world

cultural attraction

a site that appeals to tourists because of links with the past or present ways of life or traditions of the local people (for example, museums, art galleries, theatres, historic sites, ruins, and buildings of special architectural interest)

meetings, incentives, conferences, event (mice) tourism

business tourism (visiting destinations for work reasons)

conference

a large event where many people meet together, sometimes for a few days to present or listen to talks, and/or discuss travel industry business formally

convention

a large event where many people who DO A SIMILAR JOB or have a SIMILAR BUSINESS, travel agents for example, meet to share ideas or other information

exhibition

an event where travel and tourism organizations show their products and services to, for example, tour operators and travel agents from abroad

trade event

an event at which businesses show or exhibit their products and services to customers and potential customers like ravel fairs and travel exhibitions where hotels show tour operator customers the range of facilities available

event

time-limited happenings that appeal to tourists

occupancy rate

the number of beds used out of the total number of bed spaces available

VFR (visiting friends and relatives tourism)

when tourists travel to destinations to spend time with people they know

pilgrimage

a visit to a place considered to be special in order to show respect

domestic tourism

when tourists visit destinations IN THEIR HOME COUNTRY

inbound tourism

when tourists travel INTO A COUNTRY

market

the group of buyers or consumers for a particular good or service

outbound tourism

when tourists travel AWAY FROM THE COUNTRY WHERE THEY LIVE

mass tourism

when many tourists travel to popular holiday destinations

package tourism

tourist travel and visits organized by a travel and tourism business

tour operator

a travel and tourism business that organizes tour products for customers

components

the individual parts of the holiday such as transport, accomodation, and meal plans

specialist tourism

when tourists visit destinations because of a particular special interest such as painting or cooking

unpackaged tourism

the opposite of packaged tourism (independent travel because different elements are booked separately and provided by different providers)

short-haul

a flight of less than three hours

long-haul

a flight more than six hours

specialist tourism

when tourists visit destinations because of a particular special interest such as painting or cooking

independent travel

self-arranged tourism

ancillary services

extra support services for tourists, such as tour guiding, car and cycle hire, and currency exchange

travel agent

a business that sells travel and tourism products provided by other travel and tourism businesses

responsible tourism

tourists in a destination behaving respectfully towards the natural environment and towards local people

inbound travel agency

a travel and tourism business that sells travel and inbound tourism products provided by other travel and tourism businesses (guided tours in the destination country)

inbound tour operator

a travel and tourism business that organizes tourism products for inbound tourism customers (package tours in the destination country)

visitor attraction

a place or event that appeals to tourists; it could be built, cultural, or historic attraction, or an event

natural attraction

a place that appeals to tourists because of the environment, such as a beach of waterfall

built attraction

a building or monument that appeals to tourists, such as a museum or theme park

vertical integration

merging of travel and tourism businesses belonging to different industry components

horizontal integration

merging of travel and tourism businesses belonging to the same industry component

resort

a location visited mainly by leisure tourists

national park/nature park

usually a large natural area that is protected by government rules to conserve the landscape and for leisure tourists to enjoy

nature reserve

a natural area that is protected to keep rare animals and plants safe from damage caused by people

theme park

a major tourist attraction with many amusements and rides

all-inclusive resort

a destination or hotel that provides a wide range of products and services on one site; customers of all-inclusive resorts often make just one advance payment and pay little or nothing more while staying at the resort

purpose-built resort

a destination that is planned and built especially for tourism

accessibility

ease of reaching or moving around a destination

infrastructure

the basic systems and services that support local people and tourists in an area. transport infrastructure includes roads, rail, and bridges; other infrastructure elements include, for example, electricity and water supply, and waste disposal systems

mobility

the ability to move around freely; some tourists have reduced mobility, they are referred to as PRMs (persons with reduced mobility)

external customers

customers who use the products and services of travel and tourism business and are not members of staff or otherwise part the business

cruise

a relaxing leisure journey, normally on water

ferry

ships or boats that link destinations or places within a destination

e-scooter (electric scooter)

a type of sustainable, mass personal-use transport available for public use in many destinations, users normally stand when riding e-scooters

mass rapid transit (MRT)

a type of rail transport used in some city destinations to transport large numbers of people quickly and often cheaply

trend

in travel and tourism context, a way in which patterns of travel have developed over time

tourism-generating areas

places that tourists COME FROM

tourism-receiving areas

areas that tourists visit; countries or regions where there are tourism destinations

disposable income

the amount of money people have to spend after subtracting the costs of necessities such as food and shelter from net income (the remaining part of a person’s gross income after tax is deducted)

GDP (Gross Domestic Product)

is a measure to show the size of a country’s economy… it looks at the value of the goods and services that a country produces and is used to show how well a country is performing

currency exchange rate

the amount of money that one country’s currency is worth in another country’s currency

social

relating to the ways in which people live together, such as family structure, available leisure time and attitudes to tourism impacts and sustainability

tourism impacts

the effects that tourism can have on destination, including the effects on the people who live in the destination and on the environment

visa

a travel document permitting a person to enter, leave, or stay in a country… visas are often time-limited… ease of obtaining a visa to visit a country is a factor that can affect tourism flow to tourism-receiving areas

ICT (Information and Communication Technology)

the range of computer and other electronic devices, such as smartphones, used to store, send, and share information

real-time reservations

travel and tourism bookings that are made instantly

ticketless travel

travel without physical tickets

biometrics

digital information about a person’s appearance that is used to establish their identity