National Health Programmes: TB Epidemiology & Investigations

This set covers the epidemiology, agent characteristics, environmental factors, and pathophysiology of Tuberculosis based on the lecture notes.

World TB Day is observed annually on __________.

24th march

The causative agent factors for TB identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a facultative intracellular organism and an obligate __________.

aerolae

Acid fast stain bacilli in TB are due to the presence of __________ in the cell wall.

mycolic acid

The staining technique used for identifying TB bacilli is the __________ staining.

ZN

According to the transcript, atypical mycobacterium classified as Photochromogens include __________.

M. kansasii

Scotochromogens are represented by the species __________ in the lecture notes.

M. scrofulaceum

Non-photochromogens include the species __________.

M. fortuitum

The Host factors for TB indicate a primary age range of __________ and a gender prevalence of $M > F$.

$$15-45\,yrs$$

A TB lesion at the hilum of the lung during the first infection is called a __________.

Ghon's focus

A Ghon's focus combined with a local lymph node is known as a __________.

Ghon's complex

The calcification of a Ghon's complex is termed __________.

Ranke's complex

In approximately __________% of cases, TB results in Healed TB.

$$95\,\%$$

Latent TB occurs in __________% of cases and may lead to reactivation.

$$4-5\,\%$$

Reactivation of a Ghon's focus that spreads to the apex and involves cavity formation is characteristic of __________.

2° TB

Progressive primary TB is often seen in children or those who are __________.

Immuno compromised