Year 11 Physics - Electricity and Energy Transfer

Flashcards covering key terms and definitions from the Year 11 Physics lecture on electricity and energy transfer.

Transducer

A device that receives a signal in the form of one type of energy and converts it into another type of energy.

Potentiometer

A circuit device consisting of a three-terminal resistor with a sliding or rotating contact called the wiper, used to create a variable resistor.

Voltage divider

A series circuit with two or more components that shares the voltage supplied to the circuit between components.

Thermistor

A non-ohmic device whose resistance varies with temperature.

Light dependent resistor (LDR)

A non-ohmic device whose resistance varies with the intensity of light falling upon it.

Diode

A semiconductor device that allows electric current to flow through it in one direction.

Light-emitting diode (LED)

A type of diode that emits light when current passes through it.

Resistor

An electrical component used to control current in a circuit.

Series circuit

An electrical circuit where components are connected end-to-end, sharing the same current throughout.

Voltage divider formula

The relationship used to calculate output voltage in a voltage divider circuit, defined as Vout = R2 / (R1 + R2) x Vin.

Efficiency of LED

30%, which is significantly higher than the 10% efficiency of an incandescent bulb.

Non-ohmic device

Devices whose resistance changes with voltage or current, such as thermistors and LEDs.

Current vs. voltage graph

Represents the relationship between current flowing through a diode and the voltage across it.

LDR output voltage relation

The resistance of an LDR decreases as the intensity of light shining on it increases.

Thermistor resistance relation

A thermistor's resistance can either increase or decrease with temperature, depending on the type.

Circuit symbol for LED

Represents the presence of a light-emitting diode in a circuit.

Voltage across a resistor formula

Voltage across a resistor in a circuit is calculated as V = IR, where I is the current and R is the resistance.