Phlebotomy

Venipuncture

Collection of blood from a vein.

Antecubital Space

Common venipuncture site located on the inner arm below the bend in the elbow.

Alternative Venipuncture Sites

Sites include veins on the back of the hand or wrist (more painful, use butterfly needle) and veins in feet or legs (requires physician permission).

Tourniquet

A device used to constrict blood flow for easier venipuncture.

Gauge

Needle's diameter; larger gauge means smaller diameter, with venipuncture typically ranging from 20 to 22.

STANDARD ORDER OF DRAW

The sequence for drawing blood samples to prevent cross-contamination: Blood Culture tubes, Coagulation tubes (light blue), Serum tubes (red and gold), Heparin Tubes (dark/light green), EDTA Tubes (lavender/purple or pink), and Oxalate tubes (gray).

Hematoma

A black and blue mark around the puncture site indicating bleeding under the skin.

Hemolysis

The breaking down of blood cells which can compromise blood samples.

Process of Blood Draws

Steps include selecting an arm, applying a tourniquet, palpating veins, and having patients make a fist.

Labeling the Tube

Include patient's name, doctor's name, date and time, patient's DOB, and initials.