(481) Unit 4.6 - Introduction to Titration

Titration

A laboratory method used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution by reacting it with a solution of known concentration.

Titrant

A solution of known concentration used in a titration.

Analyte

The substance in a flask whose concentration is being determined in a titration.

Equivalence Point

The point in a titration at which the amount of titrant added is just enough to completely react with the analyte.

Stoichiometry

The calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions.

Indicator

A substance that changes color at a certain pH level, used to indicate the endpoint of a titration.

Neutralization

The chemical reaction between an acid and a base, producing a salt and water.

Spectator Ion

Ions that do not participate in the actual chemical reaction and are not included in the net ionic equation.

Net Ionic Equation

An equation that shows only the particles that participate in the chemical reaction.

S-shaped curve

A graphical representation of pH vs. volume added in a titration that displays the change in pH when nearing the equivalence point.

Redox Titration

A titration that involves the transfer of electrons between species, resulting in a change in oxidation states.

Oxidation

The process of losing electrons during a chemical reaction.

Reduction

The process of gaining electrons during a chemical reaction.

Molarity (M)

A measure of concentration representing the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Concentration

The amount of a substance per defined space, often expressed in moles per liter (M).