Unusual Latin Grammar

tam (adv.)

so (to an extent), so much

sic (adv.)

in such a way, thus

ita (conj.)

thus, so, therefore

tantus -a -um (adj.)

so great

talis -e (adj.)

of such a kind

tot (adv.)

so many

adeo (adv.)

to such a degree, to such an extent

ut (rel. pr.)

so that

ne (rel. pr.)

so that not, lest

is/ea/id

his/her/itself/theirs — possessive pronoun

hic/haec/hoc

this;these;he,he,it;they

ille/illa/illud

that,those,he,she,it;they

Purpose Clause

ut/ne + subj —> so that/lest

qui/quae/quod + subj. —> who/should/ ‘“to”

Result Clause ex:

sunt populi tot ut mercator iuberet eos exire

english: there are so many people in the shop that the merchant ordered them to leave

Result Clause

tot/tantus/talis +ut + subj.

Present Subjunctive

e, ea, a, ia

“may/might” [verb']

Imperfect Subjunctive

add ending to 2nd PP (inf.)

ex: docēre —> docēremus

“was/were” [verb] -ing OR “would” [verb]

Result Clause

circumstance —> ___ so that

Perfect Subjunctive

add to perfect stem:

singular: -erim, -eris, -erit, plural: -erimus, -eritis, -erint

Pluperfect Subjunctive

add ending to perfect infinitive:

ex: amavisse —> amavissem

Plup. Passive Subjunctive

perfect-passive participle + imperfect subj. of esse

ex: amatus essem, doctus essem, auditus essem

“had been” [verb] -ed

Pres. Passive Subjunctive

singular: -r, -ris, -tur, plural: -mur, -mini, -ntur

Pres. Subj Esse

singular: sim, -sis, -sit plural: -simus, -sitis, -sint

Imp. Subj. Esse

singular: -essem, -esses, -esset. plural: -essemus, -essetis, -essent

Fut-Perf. Subj. Esse

singular: -erim, -eris, -erit plural: -erimus, -eritis, -erint

Plup. Subj. Esse

singular: -fuissem, -fuisses, -fuisset plural: -fuissemus, -fuissetis, -fuissent