Conclusion Identifiers

Pure conclusion words

Hence, Therefore, Thus, and So

Information before Pure Conclusion Words

Is typically EVID

The info immediately after the pure CONC words

is supported by the EVID

Pure CONC words in main point questions

misdirection

Traditional Evidence Conclusion words

Because, Since

Traditional Evidence Conclusion words in MP questions

commonly used as misdirection

Since before evidence

since EVID, CONC

Because before evidence

because EVID, CONC

conclusion before Since

CONC since EVID

conclusion before becuase

CONC because EVID

Tricky Conclusion - Evidence words

After All and For

Where is the conclusion when “After All and For” are used

CONC after all EVID
CONC for EVID

Directional Language

This shows that, supported by that

Strategy on Directional Language

The statement being supported is either the main CONC or the intermediatte

Contrast Words

However, But, Yet, Although, While

Where does the CONC fall with a Contrast words

after the contrast word

Chatty Language Conclusion Identifiers

Clearly, Indeed, How good to know, most common is clearly

Positive APOV chatty language examples

perhaps, obviously, indeed

Negative APOV chatty language examples

as plausible as this may sound
superficially this theory seems to explain

Anti-Conclusion identifiers

i disagree, you’re wrong, you’re mistaken

Strategy for anti-conclusions

negate the anti-conclusion to create the actual conclusion

Anti-Conclusion with Contrast words

everything after the contrast word is evidence, the speakers CONC is that the CONC of the opposing POV is WRONG

Anti-Conclusion with Dialogue

sometimes everything the second speaker says is EVID that the first speaker’s CONC is wrong

Question Stem Conclusion

The question stem provides the CONC by telling you the idea to strengthen, weaken..etc
The argument itself may not actually repeat this CONC. So, not only identify this as a CONC but also analyze as the CONC before going to the argument itself

Question Stem Reference

The question stem tells you to treat the directors recommendation as the CONC of the argument
the CONC typically begins after the “That” statement

Conditional Qualifiers

Take CQ in a conclusion as truth to stay in the world in which the CONC exists
WACs will exist outside the truth of the CQ

Appositives

An appositive in a CONC provides additional facts that you should treat as truth much like EVID

Negating If-Then statements

When a CONC indicates that some if-then statement is wrong (think anti-conclusion), you should express the CONC with “at least one___ is NOT _____