second semester final openstax

Jenny is given a doll for 2nd birthday, while her brother, Tyrone, is given a fire truck. This is an example of gender:

Socialization

Which of the following is NOT a product of gender stereotyping?

A father buying a basketball hoop for his daughter's eighth birthday.

The term sexuality is defined by the text as:

A person's capacity for sexual feelings.

What is the difference between sex and gender?

Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

What is the first agent of socialization?

Family

How do elderly widows and widowers react to death of their significant other?

Differently: elderly widows often do not remarry while elderly widowers do.

A symbolic interactionist may choose to study senior centers, and other groups of elderly people. Which theory might they find most useful for their study?

Subculture of aging theory

The world population is growing and aging. In an effort to collectively deal with some of the challenges facing the elderly, several countries gathered at a summit. Which plan was the result of this summit?

The Madrid Plan

Which is a social issue that many elderly females discover they are victims of?

Having their medical ailments trivialized by doctors.

What is a dependency ratio?

It is the comparison of working people to non-working people.

Which is one reason that sociologist cite to explain why men and women are delaying marriage until their mid-to-late twenties?

Many young people place education and career higher than marriage on their list of priorities.

Which factors do sociologists suspect were the cause for such a high divorce rate during the 1960's?

There was an increase in women working outside of the home, and also, greater social acceptance of divorce.

Why do sociologists find the study of family to be so important when trying to grasp the mores and norms of a culture?

Families provide for each other as well as carry out and teach a particular culture to other members of the family.

What is the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and marriage?

Men and women who are married experience less abuse, than those who are separated or cohabitating.

Corporal punishment is another way of saying:

Spanking

Which text is considered sacred to Christians of all sects?

The Bible

Which two words did Émile Durkheim use to distinguish between religious objects and non-religious objects?

Sacred; profane

Which position describes Karl Marx's view of religion and society?

Religion simply kept the Proletariat in their low social class.

Which of the following is NOT true of the sociological perspective on religion?

Religion is a symbol of high culture.

Some believe that religion is important because it adds meaning to people's lives and provides answers to difficult questions. A sociologist following which theory would agree with this statement?

A structural functionalist

The term formal education is defined by the text as:

 

The learning of academic facts and concepts.

Which sociologist studied how cultural capital helps an individual navigate their culture?

Pierre Bourdieu

Which of the following sociological perspectives argues that the educational system reinforces and perpetuates social inequalities arising from differences in class, gender, race and ethnicity?

Conflict theory

What factors contribute to inequality within the educational system in the United States?

Racism and socioeconomic status

The concept hidden curriculum can be defined as:

A type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission.

Which court case set the precedent for access to education within the United States for students with disabilities?

Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia

Over the past decades, the turnout of minority voters has:

Steadily increased

Communist regimes, which attempt to control all aspects of citizens' lives, are examples of which form of government:

Totalitarian dictatorship

Hitler was an example of what kind of authority?

Charismatic

From the functionalist perspective, which of the following is NOT a purpose of government?

Lobbying for domestic corporate interests

Which sociological perspective would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher's Union rallies undesirable, because they force political change?

Functionalism

Émile Durkheim described mechanical solidarity as:

A form of social cohesion that comes from sharing similar work, education, and religion, as might be found in simpler societies

What is one reason unemployment statistics are unreliable?

The statistics include only those who are currently looking for work.

Davis is low on cash, but really wants an electric guitar. He offers to trade his acoustic guitar, for his friend Bill's electric guitar. Davis is engaging in:

Bartering

What was the significance of NAFTA?

It allowed freer trade opportunities for the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

Which of the following best defines the concept of "The Sick Role"?

The pattern of expectations that define appropriate behavior for the sick and for those who take care of them

The United States healthcare system consists of:

Public and private insurance coverage

Which of the following was not among the United Nations eight Millennium Development Goals set in 2000?

Decrease obesity

Until 1973 homosexuality was considered a psychological disorder American Psychological Association. Which sociological perspective would be most concerned with why this was considered an illness, and what effect that diagnosis had on society?

Symbolic interactionist

Three things are important for the formation and sustentation of a city. Which of the below options is NOT one of them?

Well constructed buildings

What type of nations are the greatest sources of greenhouse gases?

Postindustrial

What is one way the people of the United States, and the world, are reaching and abusing the Earth's carrying capacity?

We show little concern about contaminating water with our garbage and waste.

Which is an aspect of city life that might catch a human ecologist's attention?

The decision to make sidewalks narrower so that a city road can provide on-street parking.

"Climate change" is a less politicized phrase that has replaced:

Global Warming

When social movements link their goals to the goals of other social movements and merge into a single group, this is referred to as:

Frame alignment process

Tarah is attending a sold-out Counting Crows concert at Madison Square Garden, with thousands of other Counting Crows fans. Tarah is part of a:

Mass

Which of the following best defines a social movement?

A purposeful organized group hoping to work toward a common social goal.

The anti-drug campaign in the 1980's encouraged students to "just say no" to put an end to drug use and drug violence. Which type of framing did this campaign use?

Motivational

Which of the following is the best definition of social change?

The change in society created through social movements as well as external factors like environmental shifts or technological innovations.