Medical Review and Clinical Practice Lecture Notes

Practice flashcards covering medical terminology, patient care, anatomy, and pharmaceutical calculations based on the lecture transcript.

Insulin dosage influence

Weather conditions do not influence the amount of insulin a diabetic patient needs.

Iodine

A substance to which a patient's allergic response must be determined before performing an intravenous pyelography (IVP).

Neglect

A condition that may be indicated by symptoms such as apparent malnutrition.

Pregnancy early signs

Early signs include various physiological changes, but Edema of the face, hands, feet, or legs is not considered an early sign.

ECG electrode placement

When placing electrodes on a patient's lower leg, the connectors should point up.

Résumé age information

Information that should not be included in a professional résumé.

aVF

An ECG lead that records the heart’s voltage difference between the left leg electrode and a central point between the right arm and left arm.

Hypertension

The foremost contributing factor to stroke and kidney damage, or a blood pressure consistently elevated above $140/90$.

Infant immunization schedule

After beginning the schedule, infants are typically examined every 2-3 months in the first 18 months.

Pyelonephritis treatment

Consists primarily of antibiotics.

Epididymis

An anatomical structure shaped like a half moon.

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

A condition where the myocardium of the Left ventricle is most commonly affected.

Heart failure

A condition in which the heart pumps too weakly to supply the body with blood.

Autoclave

A device used for the purpose of sterilization.

Infant rolling milestone

An infant can first roll from the back to the side at $2-4$ months of age.

Catheterization

An example of an invasive medical procedure.

Bipolar leads

Attached to the upper right outer arm and inner calves.

Right kidney

The specific kidney that is displaced by the liver.

Cystitis relief

Involves drinking water and cranberry juice to help identify and manage characteristic symptoms.

Meter

The metric unit used to measure length.

Ovarian cancer risk

Risk factors for this malignancy peak when a woman is in her 80s.

Cardiac cycle first part

Known as Atrial depolarization.

ecromegaly

A condition characterized by overgrowth of cartilaginous and connective tissue.

Myxedema

An endocrine condition associated with having too little thyroid hormone.

Dialysis types

The two types are Hemodialysis and peritoneal.

Interview posture

It is recommended to sit up straight and lean slightly forward toward the interviewer.

Follicle stimulating hormones

An example of a gonadotropic hormone.

Uterine cancer

Identified as the most common gynecological malignancy.

18-month-old language milestone

A child at this age can typically say 10 or more words.

Phlebitis

Localized inflammation of a vein.

Liver

The organ that releases stored glycogen into the blood when glucagon is released due to low blood sugar; also the site of Hepatitis infection and Cirrhosis.

Aorta

The large vessel into which blood flows from the Left ventricle.

Fetus

The term for an embryo after 8 weeks of development.

Dilated cervix

The cervix must dilate to about $10$ centimeters in diameter before a baby can be delivered.

Zygote uterus arrival

Following fertilization, the zygote arrives at the uterus about 6 days after ovulation.

Beta cells

The type of cells that make up the majority of the islets of Langerhans.

Well-child visit measurements

Commonly obtained measurements do not include the Circumference of abdomen.

Pediatrician office first visit

Infants typically begin these visits at 1-2 weeks of age.

Reception area toys

Toys in the play area should be washable.

5-month developmental milestone

A typical infant at this age can hold a bottle.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

A type of aneurysm detectable on palpation as a pulsating mass in an area around the umbilicus.

Antidote

A drug that counteracts poisons and their effects selectively by binding with the toxin to inhibit further absorption.

References

A list of 3-4 nonfamily persons who can recommend a candidate to an employer.

Adrenal insufficiency

Most commonly caused by autoimmune destruction of the cell producing hormones.

Practicum

A supervised employment experience (also known as an externship) in a healthcare facility as part of the educational curriculum.

Pituitary gland

Gland attached to the brain.

Capillary

Vessels with walls that are thin, one-cell structures.

Testosterone

The hormone responsible for developing primary male sexual characteristics.

Adrenal glands

Glands located atop the kidneys.

Infant weighing custom

It is customary to weigh infants while they are unclothed.

Abuse sign

Characterized by frequent injuries requiring medical attention.

Cowpers glands

Another name for the bulbourethral glands.

Parathormone

Hormone that regulates the exchange of calcium between the bones and blood to increase blood calcium.

Transcript

A copy made directly from an original record, especially an official copy of a student's educational record.

Chyme

Partially digested food in the stomach that has changed into a semiliquid state.

Diverticulosis

The presence of bulging pouches in the wall of the GI tract where the lining has pushed into the surrounding muscle.

Flatus

The medical term for gas.

Proctoscope

A three inch long instrument used to examine the lower rectum and anal canal.

Cirrhosis

Chronic disease of the liver causing the destruction of liver cells.

Ileostomy

Surgical opening of the ileum allowing chyme to empty through the abdominal wall.

Duodenum

The first of three sections of the small intestine, a C-shaped segment about nine inches long.

Cholecystectomy

The surgical removal of the gallbladder.

Peptic ulcer

Also referred to as a gastric (stomach) ulcer.

Sigmoidoscopy

An examination to view the lower portion of the sigmoid and rectum using a 10-12 inch sigmoidoscope.

Esophagus

An organ approximately 10 inches long with an inner layer of circular involuntary muscles and a longitudinal outer layer.

Cholelithiasis

The medical term for gallstones.

Colitis

Inflammation of the colon causing tenderness and discomfort.

Alimentary canal

The connecting chain of organs of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

Bolus

A combination of mashed food substance and saliva.

Jaundice

Yellow discoloration of the sclera, mucosa, and skin caused by bile absorption into the bloodstream.

125 pounds to kg

Approximately $56.82\,kg$.

Alprazolam dosage calculation

For an order of $0.75\,mg$ with $0.5\,mg$ available tablets, administer 2 tabs.

Synthroid dosage calculation

For an order of $250\,mcg$ with $0.125\,mg$ available tablets, administer 2 tabs.

Codeine dosage calculation

For an order of gr ii with $30\,mg$ tablets available, administer 4 tabs.

Robitussin dosage calculation

For an order of $100\,mg$ with $50\,mg/5\,ml$ available, administer $10\,ml$.

Digoxin dosage calculation

For an order of $0.5\,mg$ with $250\,mcg$ tablets available, administer 2 tabs.

Neomycin sulfate dosage calculation

For an order of $2.5\,g$ with $500\,mg$ tablets available, administer 5 tabs.

Haloperidol dosage calculation

For an order of $20\,mg$ with $50\,mg/ml$ available, administer $.4\,ml$.

Seconal dosage calculation

For an order of $35\,mg$ with $50\,mg/ml$ available, administer $.7\,ml$.

Amoxicillin dosage calculation

For an order of $50\,mg$ with $125\,mg/5\,ml$ available, administer $2\,ml$.

Methyldopa dosage calculation

For an order of $25\,mg$ with $50\,mg/5\,ml$ available, administer $2.5\,ml$.

Sodium Valproate dosage calculation

For an order of $50\,mg$ with $100\,mg/5\,ml$ available, administer $2.5\,ml$.