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What a wave can do at the boundary between different materials
The wave can be reflected, refracted, transmitted or absorbed

Reflection
When a wave meets meets the boundary between two different materials and bounces off

Echo
The name given to a reflected sound wave

Law of reflection
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection (measured from the normal line)

Incident ray
The incoming ray that hits the smooth surface

Angle of incidence
The angle between the incident ray and the normal line

Reflected ray
The ray after it has been reflected from the smooth surface

Angle of reflection
The angle between the reflected ray and the normal line

Normal line
An imaginary line at right angles to the boundary between two different materials where all angles are measured from

Specular reflection
When light is reflected from a smooth surface in a single direction e.g. from a plane mirror

Plane mirror
A flat mirror that allows an image to be seen

Image formed in a plane mirror
The image formed is upright and virtual

Virtual image
An image that forms at a position where light rays appear to come from but do not actually come from e.g. the image in a plane mirror

Diffuse reflection
When light is reflected from a rough surface and scatters in many directions

Image formed from a diffuse reflection
A image formed is distorted image if it forms at all