PHYS*1010 Final Exam Review

Flashcards created based on lecture notes for PHYS*1010 final exam review, focusing on key concepts and definitions.

Coulomb’s Law

Describes the electric force between two point charges as F = k |q1q2|/r², where k is the electrostatic constant.

Electric Field

The electric field due to a point charge is given by E = k |Q|/r², where the field direction indicates the force on a positive charge.

Current

The rate of flow of electric charge, defined as I = dq/dt.

Ohm’s Law

Relates voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) as V = IR.

Kirchhoff’s Junction Rule

States that the total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving the junction: ΣIin = ΣIout.

Capacitance

Defined as the ability of a system to store charge per unit voltage: C = Q/V.

Energy Stored in a Capacitor

The energy stored in a capacitor is given by U = 1/2 CV².

Inductor Voltage

The voltage across an inductor is given by VL = L (dI/dt), where L is inductance.

Motional EMF

Electromotive force induced when a conductor moves through a magnetic field, given by E = BLv.

Lenz’s Law

States that the direction of induced current is such that it opposes the change in magnetic flux.

RC Time Constant

The time constant for an RC circuit, represented by τ = RC, indicates how quickly the circuit charges or discharges.

Energy in an LC Circuit

Energy oscillates between the electric field in the capacitor and the magnetic field in the inductor, resulting in conservation of total energy.

Magnetic Flux

Defined as ΦB = BA cos θ, where A is the area and θ is the angle between the magnetic field and the normal to the surface.

Force on a Current-Carrying Wire

The force experienced by a wire carrying current in a magnetic field is given by F = ILB sin θ.

Series Capacitors

Capacitors in series share the same charge, whereas the total voltage is the sum of the individual voltages.

Parallel Resistors

Resistors in parallel share the same voltage across their terminals, while the total current is the sum of the individual currents.

Oscillation Frequency in LC Circuits

The frequency of oscillation for an LC circuit is given by f = 1/(2π√(LC)).