Body Systems Review Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing body systems, focusing on vocabulary and key functions.

Endocrine System

Organ system responsible for regulating appetite, nutrient absorption, storage, usage, and reproduction through hormone secretion.

Hormones

Biological molecules secreted by glands in the endocrine system that regulate cellular processes in other target tissues and require transportation by the circulatory system.

Glands in the Endocrine System

Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, thymus, pineal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes.

Cardiovascular System Function

Transports nutrients and waste products.

Digestive System Function

Digestion and absorption of nutrients.

Endocrine System Function

Produces and releases hormones.

Immune System Function

Defends against foreign invaders.

Integumentary System Function

Provides protection and body temperature regulation.

Muscular System Function

Enables body movement.

Nervous System Function

Interprets and responds to stimuli.

Reproductive System Function

Responsible for reproduction and expressing sexual characteristics.

Respiratory System Function

Facilitates gas exchange.

Skeletal System Function

Provides structure and support.

Urinary System Function

Excretes waste and maintains water balance.

Skeletal System

Provides structural support and protection, acts as a storage depot for minerals, and contains a complex network for nutrient transport and communication.

Bones

Continuously break down and reform, composed of collagen and a mineralized matrix containing calcium, phosphorous, and magnesium.

Muscular System

Allows voluntary body movements and controls involuntary movements; relies on energy delivery to muscles.

Glycogen

Large polymeric molecule used by muscle tissue to store energy from glucose.

Urinary System

Cleanses the blood, rids the body of waste, regulates pH and blood pressure, controls solute concentration, and synthesizes vitamin D.

Kidneys

Organs that produce the majority of the hormone to stimulate red blood cell production and perform the final synthesis step of vitamin D.

Urine output

Used by medical professionals to determine health and illnesses; characteristics change depending on factors like water intake and exercise.