Management: Chapter 2

organizational environment

includes all elements existing outside the boundary of an organization that have the potential to affect

task environment

includes the sectors that conduct day-to-day transactions with the organization and directly influence its basic operations and performance

general environment

indirectly influences all organizations within an industry

organizational ecosystem

includes organizations in all the sectors of the task and general environments that provide the resource and information transactions, flows, and linkages necessary for an organization to thrive

internal environment

includes elements within the organization’s boundaries, such as employees, management, and corporate culture

customers

people and organizations that acquire goods or services from a company

competitors

organizations within the same industry or type of business that vie for the same set of customers

suppliers

provide the raw materials the organization uses to produce its output

labor market

the people available for hire by the organization

international dimension

represents events originating in foreign countries

technological dimension

in the general environment, includes scientific and technological advances in society

sociocultural dimension

includes demographic characteristics, norms, customs, and values of a population within which the organization operates

economic dimension

represents the general economic health of the country or region in which organization operates

legal-political dimension

includes government regulations at the local, state, and federal levels, as well as political activities designed to influence company behavior

natural dimension

includes all elements that occur naturally on earth

When external factors change rapidly…

The organization experiences high uncertainty

Strategic Issues

events and forces that alter an organization’s ability to achieve its goals

Boundary spanning

links to and coordinates the organization with key elements in the external environment

Social Media Analytics

gathering data from socials media and analyzing the data to help managers address corporate impact or popularity

culture

a set of key values, beliefs, understandings, and norms shared by members of an organization

What 2 levels can culture be analyzed at?

surface- behavior, physical symbols, and office lay out

deeper- values and beliefs

toxic culture

this exists when persistent negative sentiments and infighting cause stress, unhappiness, and lowered productivity among subgroups of employees

What is a current issue in corporate culture?

Abuse that occurs when toxic males values lead to sex ual harassment and misconduct

organizational culture

sets of key values, beliefs, understandings, and norms shared by members of an organization

symbol

an object, act, or event that conveys meaning to others

story

a narrative nased on true events and is repeated frequently and shared among organizational employees

hero

a figure who exemplifies the deeds, character, and attributes of a strong culture (ex: Steve Jobs @ Apple)

slogan

expresses a key corporate value

ceremonies

planned activities at special events to reinforce company values

adaptability culture

values that support the company’s ability to interpret and translate signals from the environment into new behavior responses

achievement culture

results-oriented culture that values competitiveness, personal initiative, and achievement

involvement culture

culture that places high value on meeting the needs of employees and values corporation and equality

consistency culture

values and rewards a methodical, rational, orderly way of doing things

culture leaders

define and important values that are tied to a clear and compelling mission, which they communicate widely and uphold through their actions