L21 - Membrane Proteins

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Last updated 12:25 AM on 6/7/26
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8 Terms

1
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overview

typical membrane is half lipid, half proteins

<p>typical membrane is half lipid, half proteins</p>
2
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What are the 4 main functions of membrane proteins?

  1. transporters & channels

  2. anchors = connect inside cell to outside

  3. receptors (changes shape)

  4. enzymes

<ol><li><p>transporters &amp; channels </p></li><li><p>anchors = connect inside cell to outside</p></li><li><p>receptors (changes shape)</p></li><li><p>enzymes</p></li></ol><p></p>
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What are the 6 main structures of membrane proteins?

2 categories : integral & peripheral

Integral:

  1. transmembrane

    1. with single alpha helix (SNAREs)

    2. with multiple alpha helices (channel proteins)

    3. with beta barrel (porins)

  2. monolayer-associated = in one leaflet of bilayer (smooth ER enzymes)

  1. lipid-linked (G-protein-coupled receptors)

Peripheral:

  1. protein attached (can be attached to inside or outside of the cell)

ex. spectrin on RBC plasma membrane (inside of RBC)

RBC must be flexible to fit thru capillaries - allowed by spectrin

<p>2 categories : integral &amp; peripheral</p><p></p><p><u>Integral:</u></p><ol><li><p>transmembrane</p><ol><li><p>with single alpha helix (SNAREs)</p></li><li><p>with multiple alpha helices (channel proteins)</p></li><li><p>with beta barrel (porins)</p></li></ol></li><li><p>monolayer-associated = in one leaflet of bilayer (smooth ER enzymes)</p></li></ol><img src="https://assets.knowt.com/user-attachments/bf6c31c5-24a4-4ed0-a4bd-eb184ebea3eb.png" data-width="25%" data-align="center"><ol start="3"><li><p>lipid-linked (G-protein-coupled receptors)</p></li></ol><p></p><p>Peripheral:</p><ol start="4"><li><p>protein attached (can be attached to inside or outside of the cell)</p></li></ol><p>ex. spectrin on RBC plasma membrane (inside of RBC)</p><img src="https://assets.knowt.com/user-attachments/a35323ec-d0ee-4bcd-9b3f-1fad0b46be29.png" data-width="25%" data-align="center" alt="RBC must be flexible to fit thru capillaries - allowed by spectrin"><p></p>
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Classifying a new membrane transport protein:

By:

  1. shape = channel or transporter

  1. energy = passive, ATP-powered, H+ gradient powered, Na+ gradient powered

  2. direction = uniporter, symporter, antiporter

  3. regulation = gated (can open or close) or non-gated (always open)

  • transporters & channel are non-gated

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<p>ex. SLGT (sodium glucose transporter)</p>

ex. SLGT (sodium glucose transporter)

  • integral - multiple alpha-helices

  • Na+ gradient powered (active)

  • symporter

  • non gated (transporter)

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<p>when does the SLGT flip?</p><p></p><p>a). empty</p><p>b). Na+ present</p><p>c). glucose present</p><p>d). Na+ and glucose present</p><p>e). A and D</p>

when does the SLGT flip?

a). empty

b). Na+ present

c). glucose present

d). Na+ and glucose present

e). A and D

e). A and D

bc: it also needs to reopen to the gut for re-entrance

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<p>ex. sodium calcium exchanger (NCX)</p><p></p><p>what’s its classification?</p>

ex. sodium calcium exchanger (NCX)

what’s its classification?

= found on neurons

shape : transporter (moves 2 things)

energy: Na+ gradient powered (active)

direction: antiporter

Regulation: non-gated (bc transporter)

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<p>examinable content </p>

examinable content