combined part 2

transverse process

transverse formen (cervical)

superior articular facet of occipital condyle

vertebral formen

posterior arch

posterior tubercle

dens (odontid process)

pedicle

body of vertebra

spinous process

atlas C1

axis C2

the transverse formean (where vertebral artery passes thru)

what structure is the distingushing feature of the cervical vertebra

vertebral foramen

what structure is where the spinal cord passes thru

gets smaller, so does the vertebral foramen

does the spinal cord get smaller or larger as it goes from C1 downwards

bifid spinous process

C2-C6

what sections contain the bifid spinous process

lamina

C7

which cervical vertabra has no bifid process (not seperated into two little horns)

C7

what level is the vertebra prominens located

anulus fibrosus

nucleus pulposus

Shock absorbtion

what is the purpose of the intervertrebral disks

transverse costal facet

rib articulation (attachment) ONLY FOUND IN T1-T12

what is the purpose of the transverse costal facets

Inferior vertabral notch (intra vertabral foreman)

12 (T1-T12)

how many transverse costal facets for rib articulation (attachment) are there

inferior articular process

to form a joint, joint segment

what does articulation mean

increases

does the vertabral body increase or decrease in size when going down the spine

7 (C1-C7)

how many transverse foramen are there

conus medullaris

L1/L2

what level is the conus medullaris located

S1-S5

how many sacral vertebra are fused together

1-3

how many coccyx vertebra are fused together

cervial lordosis (convex forwards)

thoracic kyphosis (convex backwards)

lumbar lordosis (convex forwards)

sacral kyphosis (convex backwards)

external occipital protuberance

L4

at what level is the ilac crest

T2

at what level is the sternal notch

L5

what is the site of muscle attachment for the back

C1

what vertebra is considered the atlas

C2

what vertebra is considered the axis

subaracnoid space (part of meningies)

where does the cerebral fluid flow

distinguishes between abdomin and pelvic region

what does the sacral promonatory line tell u

brachial plexis

L4-L5

what level of vertebra is the inferior vena cava located

right atria

Where does the inferior vena cava dump its blood

inferior vena cava

transverse costal facets (articulations) where ribs attach to

what differenciates the T spine vertebra

big blocky vertebra to sustain body weight

what differenciates the L spine vertebra

hold head up

what is the purpose of C1

allows u to turn head

what is purpose of c2

c1

what vertebra is visually a flat bone

C7

which cervical vertebra is nonbifid

L1,L2

what level does spinal cord end

condus medullaris

what is the name of where the spinal cord ends

inferior vertebral notch

superior vertebral notch

intervertebral foramen

passage for spinal nerves

what is the purpose of the intervertebral foreman

31 pairs

how many spinal nerves are there

12 pairs

how many cranial nervers are there

cauda equina

condus medullaris

subarachnoid space anatomy

L1-L2

what vertebra is the condus medullarius located

subachnoid space

where does the spinal fluid flow

ventricles of the brain

Where is the cerebral spinal fluid made (non specific)

lateral, 3rd and 4th ventricle

what are the ventricles of the brain

chordoid plexius

where in the ventricles of the brain is the cerebral spinal fluid made

S2, dural/thecal sac

the cerebral spinal fluid travels all the way down to the

subarchnoid space

where does brain cancer metatisize to

false, no lymph system in brain

t/f: brain cancer metastisizes thru the lymph system

promonatory

S1

what level is the promonatory located

sacral canal

nerves coming from cauda equina, extension of vertebral formamen

what runs thru the sacral canal

true

t/f: rectum follows curve of the sacrum

true

t/f: there are lymph nodes that follow the curve of the sacrum

S1 down

what are the vertebral ranges for the pelvic region

s1 up til diaphram

what are the vertebral ranges for the abdominal region

diaphram to shoulder

what the ranges for the thoracic region

sigmoid colon and rectum

what part of the large bowl is in the pelvis

C7

what vertebra has the vertebral prominance

adontoid process (dens)

what structure allows for head rotation in C2

adontoid process (dens)

6000 cGy (whole)

td5/5 for brachial plexus

dural/thecal sac

what area is considered the end/termination of the spinal canal

S2

what level of vertebra is the dural/thecal sac located

S2 the dural/thecal sac

until what point does the subarchnoid space(where spinal fluid exists) flow down to

coccyx

can cause paralysis

what can happen if spinal cord is over eradiated (more then td55 of 4500cGy)

can cause neuropathy (numb and tingling down the hands)

what can happen if brachial plexius is over eradiated (more then td55 of 6000cGy)

covers that cover spinal cord and brain

what are the menengies

dura mater, archnoid mater, pia mater

what are the layers of the menengies from outer to inner

between the archnoid mater (under it) and the pia mater

where is the subarchnoid space in the menengies

gray mater spinal