Module #1: Basic Database and Software Engineering Concepts

What is Database Management System (DBMS)

Software that manages databases, allowing for the creation, retrieval, updating, and management of data.

Types of DBMS

Includes relational, NoSQL, hierarchical, and object-oriented databases.

Data Redundancy

The unnecessary duplication of data within a database, leading to inefficiencies.

Data Modeling

The process of creating a data model to visually represent data and its relationships.

Normalization

A technique used to organize a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

SQL (Structured Query Language)

A standard programming language for managing and manipulating relational databases.

NoSQL Database

A type of database that provides a mechanism for storage and retrieval of data that is modeled in ways other than the tabular relations used in relational databases.

Structured Data

Data that is organized and easily searchable, often stored in relational databases.

Unstructured Data

Data that does not follow a specific format, making it more challenging to collect and analyze.

Data Integrity

The accuracy and consistency of data, ensuring that it remains trustworthy across the database.

Foreign Key

A field in a table that links to the primary key of another table, establishing a relationship.

Referential Integrity

A property of a database that ensures that relationships between tables remain consistent.

Logical Independence

The capacity to change the logical schema without changing the external schema or application.

System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

A framework that describes the stages of developing an information system.

Waterfall Methodology

A sequential software development methodology where progress flows in one direction through phases.

Agile Methodology

An iterative approach to software development that values collaboration, customer feedback, and small, rapid releases.

SRS Document (Software Requirements Specifications)

A comprehensive description of the intended purpose and environment for software under development.

Conceptual Design

The process of defining the architecture, components, modules, interfaces, and data for a system.

Role of System Analyst

A professional responsible for gathering requirements and ensuring that the system meets the needs of stakeholders.

Feasibility Study

An assessment of the practicality and potential success of a proposed project.