Hormones And One MC question

Aldosterone

main function is to regulate blood pressure by regulating sodium and pottasium levels in bloodstream, released by adernal glands, too much leads frequent urination and extereme thirst, too little leads to low sodium levels and heart palpitations

Angiotensin

regulates blood pressure by increasing it, does this by constricting blood vessels and triggering water and sodium intake, is released from liver, too low level = abdominal pain and diarheea, too much causes chest pain and heart strain

Insulin

transfers glucose throughout body and lower body sugar, is released from pancreas, low insulin lvls causes dry mouth and extreme hunger also causes diabetes, too much causes very low sugar, which causes sweating and extreme hunger

Glucagon

helps raise sugar levels, is released from pancreas, too much glucagon cause skin rash and daibetes, too little glucagon cause low sugar, which causes shaking and extreme hunger

Cortisol

is body’s primary stress manager and regulates how body uses glucose, is released from the adernal glands, too much cause weight gain and easily breakable bones, too little = fatigue and loss of appetite

Thyroxine

controls speed of metabolism, is released by thyroid, too little = weight gain and sensitivity to cold, too much thyroxine called hyperthyroidism, leads to weight loss and irregular heartbeat

Calcitionin

regulates calcium levels in blood by decreasing it, does this by inhibiting uptake of calcium in intestines, is released by thyroid gland, too much doesn’t seem symptoms but may be sign of rare cancer, too little doesn’t affect body

Norepinephrine

plays important role in body’s fight or flight system, produced by adernal gland, too much leads to jitters and rapid heartbeat, too little leads to memory problems and sleeping problems as well as depression

Epinepherine

aka adrenaline, activated fight or flight system, produce by adernal galnds, too much causes breathing problems and having chest pain, too little leads to depression and dleeping problems

TSH

Thyroid stimulating hormone, released by pituitary gland, stimulates the release of thyroxine and T4, too much leads to fatigue and weight gain, too little leds to anxiety and rapid heart rate

FSH

follicle stimulating hormone, released by pituitary gland, plays a siginificant role in sexual development

LH

lutenizing hormone, relased by pituitary galnd, trigger processes for sexual sexual function and reproduction

Testosterone

sex hormine in males that helps develops male sexual reproductive systme and characteristics, released by testicles for male and ovaries for female

Estrogen

sex hormine in females that helps develops male sexual reproductive systme and characteristics, released by testicles for male and ovaries for female

Progesterone

prepares uterus for implantaion of fertilized egg and supprt embryo development, released by ovaries by women and testicles by men

Drinking a large volume of water results in which of the following

Decreased reabsorption of water in the loop of henle

In times of stress, levels of amino acids and fatty acids increase in the blood. Why is this change benefical as a respones to stress

The amino acids are used for protein synthesis, allowing cell repair, and the fatty acids can be used as a source of energy