basic sentence patterns and sentence structure

sentence structure

the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences

In other words, it defines how a sentence will look and sound.

phrase

group of words typically used
to build a sentence, modify parts of a
sentence, or provide more information

can never stand alone as a sentence

clause

group of words that has a
subject and a verb

may or may not
be able to stand alone as a complete
sentence

sentence

consists of at least a subject and
a predicate

can be a noun/noun phrase or a pronoun/pronoun
phrase that does the action

verb

is the action performed by the particular subject in the sentence. It is part of the complete predicate.

Subject

is the person, place, or thing that is performing
the action of the sentence. It represents what or whom the
sentence is about.

simple subject

usually contains a noun or pronoun and can include modifying words, phrases, or clauses.

Object

is a noun or pronoun that receives the
action done by the subject.

Direct Object

A noun or pronoun that receives the action directly is the direct object in the sentence.

It answers the question 'what'.

Indirect Object

is a noun or pronoun that is a secondary
object.

It can be identified by asking the question 'whom'.

Complement

is a word or word group that
completes the predicate in a sentence.

Adjunct

is a word, phrase, or clause that gives more
information about an action, an event, a quality, etc.

These words can include adverbs and adverb clauses.