#1 Ch.10 Patient Assessment

EMS 118

AVPU

Alert, Verbal, Painful, Unresponsive

SAMPLE

Signs/Symptoms, Allergy, Medication, Past medical history, Last oral intake, Events leading up to the incident

What is it called when a patient refuses to go to the hospital?

Patient refuse transport (PRT)

The patient exhibits a significant deviation from their baseline behavior or cognition. What term describes this?

Altered mental status (AMS)

Vital Sign Norms

Heart rate/ Pulse rate (hr/pr): 60-100

Respiratory rate (rr): 12-20

Blood pressure (bp): 120/80

SpO2 (saturation peripheral oxygen): 94-99%

ETCO2 (end tidal CO2): 35-45

Temperature: 97°F-99°F

SpO2

Peripheral oxygen saturation or “SpO2” represents the percentage of hemoglobin in your blood that is carrying oxygen.

Hemoglobin

A protein whose main function is to facilitate the transportation of oxygen in red blood cells and assists in the return transport of carbon dioxide.

ETCO2

End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) is the level of carbon dioxide that is released at the end of an exhaled breath.

What is the top number on a blood pressure reading?

Systolic, representing the pressure in your arteries when your heart contracts and pumps blood out.

What is the bottom number on a blood pressure reading?

Diastolic, representing the pressure in your arteries when your heart is at rest and refilling with blood between beats.

Radial pulse

located on the lateral (thumb) side of the wrist

Brachial pulse

the brachial artery, a major blood vessel located on the inner side of the upper arm.

Carotid pulse