final exam (Cell Structure and Function) (Cellular Respiration)

Differentially Permeable

Some molecules pass and others don’t

Passive transport

Movement down concentration gradient from high to low; no energy required

Simple diffusion

Movement of molecules between the phospholipids.

Rate of diffusion is determined by….

Concentration gradient, size, surface area

Osmosis

Simple diffusion of water

Active transport

Uses energy to move substances against there concentration gradient; requires transport protein

Nucleolus

Synthesis of ribosomal RNA

located in center of nucleus

Ribosomes

Site of protein synthesis

Endoplasmic reticulum

Membrane enclosed channels within the cell

Golgi

Shipping center of the cell (stacks or sacs)

Collects, sorts, packages, modifies, and distributes lipids and proteins

Hypertonic

Greater strength, less water

Hypotonic

Less strength, more water

Endocytosis

Into the cell

Exocytosis

Out of cell

Phagocytosis

Cell eating

Cytoskeleton

3 types of protein fibers

Functions: cell shape, movement, anchors organelles, cell division

Cellular respiration equation

C6H12O6 + 6O2 - 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (atp and heat)

Carbons are from…

Glucose

Glycolysis ATP

2

Krebs Cycle

ATP 2

Electron Transport Chain

ATP 32-34

Oxygen

Keeps ATP production going