Spring final study guide

Murasaki Shikibu

wrote the Tale of Genji — contributed to Japanese script known as Kenu — Heian period

Kurultai

gathering of the heads of Mongol houses — all the most important decisions of the empire were made during this event

Ögedei

becomes Khan after the death of his dad, Genghis Khan

Steppe

where the mongols lived — very flat, carpathian mountain ranges divides Steppes from Western Europe — unification of nomadic clans

Bushido

code of conduct for Samurai — “The Way of the Warrior”

Töregene

Ögedei’s wife who would rule the Mongol empire as regent after the death of Ogedei — arguably the most powerful women ever

Batu

ruled the Russian region of the Golden Horde — lived in Steppe area and required tribute from nobles in Russia

Samurai

vassals to Daimyo — loyalty — worst thing you could do is become a paid soldier (killed if gain wealth) — commit the ritual disembowelment to return honor for a disgrace in battle

Shogun

title given by emperor but still holds real power — held the real power — “supreme general of the emperor’s army”

Daimyo

major landowners (lords) — vassals over shogun

Shintoism

Japanese religion — way of gods — respect for ancestors and nature worship — not an organized religion — set of folklore and customs — believed in Kami

Zen (Buddhism)

Meditation — focused branch of Buddhism — fits very well with Shintoism — merging together and reinforcing Bushido values of self-discipline

Kami

belief in Shintoism which stated that divine spirits resided in different places

Yamato

never overthrown — establish power and claim to be descendants of the Sun god — control a lot of Japan (but not really in control) — clan accepted as emperors

Fujiwara

Heian period — married into — removed Chinese influence and reinstated Japanese elements — emperor remained as head

Temujin

Genghis’ original name — Legend : born with a blood clot in his hand (signifying death and destruction to come from his region)

Güyük

Ogedei’s son — become Khan after his father’s death

Short sword

weapon commonly carried by samurai — close combat

Composite bow

main weapon of a Mongol warrior — made up of multiple materials

Khanate

territory ruled by a khan — Genghis divides empire into 4 Khanates (one or each son)

Kublai

founder of the Yuan dynasty — Genghis Khan’s grandson — conquers all fo China

How did the Mongols rule?

gives government positions to mongols only — don’t make good governors — always traveling instead of settling — tolerant for all religions as long as they pray for the mongols — trade (held merchants in high status) — military to protect borders — expansion of commerce

Hulagu

attacks Baghdad — founder of the Ilkhanate

Pax Mongolica

peace under mongols — trade moves easily (creates massive peace among region)

Kamikaze

Leif Erickson

Longbow

Troubadour

Manor

Lay investiture

Coat of Arms

Angles

Opus Dei

Charles Martel

Saxons

Carolingian Dynasty

St. Benedict

Clovis

Concordat of Worms

Pope Gregory I

Crossbow

Verdun

Pope Gregory VII

Merovingian

Chivalry

Minuscule

Charlemagne

William I

John

Scholastics

Common law

Phillip II

Ivan the Terrible

Ivan the Great

Isabella

Bureaucracy

Henry II

Hugh Capet

Commercial revolution

Macabre

Avignon

Gothic

Ferdinand

Bologna

Inquisition

Joan of Arc

John Hus

John Wycliffe

Urga River

Thomas Becket

HIPP

1st Crusade

2nd Crusade

3rd Crusade

4th Crusade

5 Crusade

6th Crusade

7th Crusade

8th Crusade

Leonardo Da Vinci

William Shakespeare

Lorenzo

Jan Van Eyck

Medici

Albrecht Durer

Patron

Venice

Florence

Botticelli

Milan

Petrarch

Perspective

Sfumato

Fresco

Miguel de Cervantes

Donatello

Donato Bramante

Michelangelo Buonarroti

Dante Alighieri

Alexander VI