Physics types of radiation
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4 Terms
alpha
A nucleus decays by emitting a helium nucleus, consisting of 2 proton and 2 neutron. They are most ionising, least penetrating and can be blocked by thin sheet of paper.
Alpha emitting nuclear waste is stored in plastic or metal canisters.
Beta
Where a neutron in an unstable atom, changes to a proton and emits a high energy electron. It has medium ionisation and penetration and is blocked by aluminium.
Beta emitting nuclear waste is stored in metal canisters and concrete silos
Gamma
Nucleus emits some energy via electromagnetic waves. they are the least ionising, have high energy and are the most penetrating. Its able to travel up to 7cm through lead.
Nuclear waste containing gamma emmiters need storage in lead lined thick concrete silos.
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