The Lawrence Tree NATZ VER!!!

When was The Lawrence Tree made?

1929

When and where was O’Keeffe born?

Wisconsin, 1887

What university did O’Keeffe attend?

Art Institute of Chicago

When did O’Keeffe enroll in the Art Institute of Chicago ?

1905

When did O’Keeffe leave to study in New York?

1907

Who did O’Keeffe learn painting from?

William Merritt Chase

What book did Arthur Wesley Dow write?

Composition (1899)

Composition by Dow derived its aesthetic principles from what culture?

East Asian, mainly Japanese

How did Dow view music in relation to art?

As a non representational art that could serve as a model for abstraction

What book by Kandinsky greatly influenced O’Keeffe’s artistic philosophy?

On the Spiritual in Art (1912, trans. 1914)

Biomorphic abstraction often incorporates references to…

The human body, plants, trees, water, and landscapes

What work by O’Keeffe retreats from recognizable imagery, using sound and music as a model?

Blue and green music (1918)

James Abbot McNeil Whistler thought of his works as….

Harmonies and symphonies

Blue and Green Music is heavily influenced by what 19th century painter?

James Abbott McNeil Whistler

Kandinsky used what terms to describe his early experiments with non representational abstraction?

Improvisations and compositions

In ‘On The Spiritual in Art’, Kandinsky claims paintings could be a….

“New symphonic construction”

Describe Kandisnky’s work

Swirling and gesturing brushwork, ovoid, elongated, and bulbous forms, and echoes of floral or landscape elements

Kandinsky MOST falls into what type of abstraction?

Biomorphic

Besides O’Keeffe, what Stieglitz circle member was great influenced by Kandinsky?

Arthur G. Dove

Dove used biomorphic abstraction to echo…

The syncopation of jazz music

What work by Dove uses biomorphic abstraction to stimulate jazz music?

George Gershwin, Rhapsody in Blue-Part I (1927)

When did O’Keeffe begin visiting 291?

Early 1910s

When did Stieglitz give O’Keeffe her first solo show?

1917

After 1917, Stieglitz sponsored many O’Keeffe expos for _____ years

25

What photos did Stieglitz take of O’Keeffe?

Close ups of her face and hands and naked torso

When did O’Keeffe and Stieglitz marry?

1924

How did Stieglitz view O’Keeffe artistically?

A “feminine voice” whose work was an unconscious reflection of an “inner self”

What is O’Keeffe best known for?

Paintings of closely cropped, floral imagery

What work did Marsden Hartley create of New Mexico?

Landscape No. 3 Cash Entry Mines (1920)

What image(s) did O’Keeffe experiment with geometric abstraction?

Images of New York, including ‘The Shelton With Sunspots’ (1926)

‘The Shelton With Sunspots’ features what building?

Skyscrapers

When did O’Keeffe FIRST travel to New Mexico?

Late 20s

While in New Mexico, O’Keeffe painted…

Animal skulls, pilgrimage crosses, and the desert landscape

When did O’Keeffe move to Abiquiu, New Mexico?

1949

Why did O’Keeffe permanently move to New Mexico?

Stieglitz passed away

When did O’Keeffe die?

1986

How old was O’Keeffe when she died?

98

Where did O’Keeffe die?

Abiquiu, New Mexico

When did Bert Geer Phillips and Ernest Blumenschein encounter Taos, New Mexico?

1898

Taos Pueblo’s construction dates back around…

1,000 years

What mountain chain is Taos Pueblo near?

Sangre de Cristo

What language is spoken in Taos Pueblo?

Tiwa

What aspects of Taos Pueblo attracted white audiences?

The architecture and religious and cultural heritage

Who were the first modern artists to settle in Taos and also founded the Taos Art Colony?

Bert Geeer Phillips and Ernest Blumenschein

What was the purpose of the Taos Art Colony?

To represent the local people, landscape, and traditions in a modernist style

Who founded the Taos Society of Artists and when?

Blumenschein and 2 other painters, 1915

What was the purpose of the Taos Society of Artists?

To provide Euro-American artists with support for publicizing and exhibiting their work

By ______, the Aschan artist John Sloan began to mock how artists commercialized native culture

1927

Who made the print “The Indian Detour”?

John Sloan

When did Mabel Dodge move to Taos?

1917

Dodge Luhan hosted gatherings to discuss…

Art, literature, and politics

What individuals were guests at Dodge Luhan’s house?

D.H. And Frieda Lawrence, authors Jean Toomer, Thornton Wilder, and Carl Van Vechten, and artists O’Keeffe, Ansel Adams, and Marsden Hartley

When did the Lawrences stay with Dodge Luhan?

1922

After staying with Dodge Luhan, the Lawrences…

Purchased part of her property to use as a base between journeys to Mexico

When did the Lawrences make travels to Mexico?

1922-25

What controversial novels was Lawrence known for?

Women in Love (1920) and Lady Chatterlay’s Lover (1928)

While in Taos, what did Lawrence create?

Literary criticism and part of The Plumed Serpent (1926)

When did O’Keeffe stay with Dodge Luhan?

Summer 1929

The needles of the tree more resemble…

Clouds or squirts of ink

Who described the pines of the tree as an “Organic octopus-like form”?

Beth Harris

Despite never meeting Lawrence, O’Keeffe admired him for…

His work’s honesty about relationships and its spiritual reverence for nature

The position of the tree unmoors the spectator from…

Traditional recession and landscape perspectives

When did Lawrence write “Pan In America’?

1926

How does Lawrence describe trees in Pan in America?

As sentient, strong-willed, and powerful beings

Lawrence and O’Keeffe both imagine nature as…

Forceful and beautiful

What lends the tree “cosmic significance”?

It’s artistic and literary inspiration and the biomorphic abstraction

What is the medium of The Lawrence Tree?

Oil on canvas