Social Psych Chap 9

Which term is defined as people recognizing diversity among the people they spend the most time with?

ingroup heterogeneity

Ingroups can be described as all of the groups that you belong to.True or false?

True

People initially label things and other people after careful consideration because it helps their survival. True or false?

False

What contributes to poor performance when someone is experiencing a stereotype threat?

worrying about confirming a stereotype

Institutional discrimination endorses ______.

stereotypes

Which term means a collection of shared beliefs, customs, and social norms passed down from one generation to the next?

culture

Which concept is part of social role theory?

We assume people are naturally suited to the roles they already have in society

An oversimplified belief that all members of a group share the same characteristics is the definition of ______.

a stereotype

Social learning theory posits that cultural aspects are passed on by ______.

people observing what others do and copying them

Studies show that some people who experience stereotype threat can overcome their anxiety with humor. True or false?

true

Dr. Fiske indicates that although men in general have higher status in society than women, what makes gender bias unique from other types of biases is ______

men and women are highly interdependent

The example Dr. Fiske gives of a patronizing attitude towards women that sees them as wonderful but weak, or nice but incompetent, is what she calls ______.

benevolent sexism

The combination of overt hostile sexism and “benevolent sexism,” as researched by Dr. Fiske and her colleague Peter Glick, is a type of prejudice against women known as ______

ambivalent sexism

Social psychology’s ______ focuses on how personality and situations both affect a person’s social behavior.

interactionist perspective

Which event occurs in the scapegoat theory of prejudice?

One group blames another for its problems and frustrations.

Which type of prejudice involves valuing equality for all people but simultaneously opposing social change for this equality?

modern-symbolic

Frustration-aggression theory states that prejudices develop from competing for resources against others. True or false?

False!

An authoritarian personality can be described as ______.

conforming to conventional beliefs

Which type of religiosity involves people who engage in a faith for social or practical rewards?

extrinsic

Which type of prejudice do most people think has disappeared?

old-fashioned

Jane Elliot’s blue eyes, brown eyes lesson with her students demonstrated that ______.

prejudice can be easily learned and practiced

Ultimately, Jane Elliot wanted individuals in her class to learn ______.

what prejudice is and how it makes a person feel, so that they wouldn’t repeat it

The impact of Elliot’s blue eyes, brown eyes lesson on the elementary students is evident because ______.

the lesson stuck with the students when they became adults

The contact hypothesis states that prejudice may be reduced by ______.

spending time with outgroups

Superordinate goals are described as ______.

objectives that can only be reached by working with an outgroup

Friendship contact reduces the prejudice of the minority group member more than it does for the majority group member. True or false?

false!!

Which term is described as unfair treatment of people by society or organizations through unequal selection, opportunity, or oppression?

institutional discrimination

The stereotype content model is the idea that different forms of prejudice develop when people perceive groups to be high or low in ______.

warmth and competence

The ______ notes that prejudice can be reduced by increasing the amount of time spent with members of outgroups.

contact hypothesis

While growing up, Joe was told boys are good problem solvers and girls are good at making people feel better and staying organized. He saw this acted out when his father fixed things around the house and his mother always made him feel better when he was feeling down as well as always remembering when he had tasks due at school. Joe now owns his own company, and he has women as office assistants but only men on his strategic management team. Which concept does this exemplify?

social role theory that perpetuates stereotypes

Lila is from a small midwestern town that is primarily White. She has been accepted to Harvard. Her first day on campus she is overwhelmed by the number of students from other countries and feels uncomfortable with how to communicate with these students. She feels she does not relate to most of them. Which approach would most likely reduce Lila’s prejudice?

Make friendship contacts.

Realistic conflict theory is the idea that prejudice results from ______.

competition of resources that might be scarce

A person who has White privilege may be unaware of special treatment, such as ______.

speaking for oneself instead of being expected to speak for an entire group

Which effect do friendship contacts have?

They reduce prejudice among members of different groups

An item on a scale used to measure personality traits that has more than one basic idea is called double-layered. True or false?

false

Jared says that he believes all young children are noisy and disruptive. This is an example of a ______.

stereotype

Intrinsic religiosity can be described as ______.

being sincere in one’s faith and working to incorporate it into one’s daily life

Which description applies to a jigsaw classroom?

dividing students into groups that teach each other information

Neural signatures play a role in stereotyping by ______.

automatically processing information and influencing behavior unconsciously

A preference for hierarches and a clear understanding of which groups have power describes ______.

social dominance orientation

In what way do superordinate goals help reduce prejudice?

Group distinctions disappear as people work together