Entomology

Silphidae

________-"burying beetles; "feeds on dead animals and decomposing flesh.

Solenopotes

________ capillatus- occurs in cattle,"tubercled lice; "reported from imported cattle.

Pulex

________ irritans "human fleas- "affects man and other mammals; genal and pronotal ctenidia absent; mesopleural rod absent; smoothly rounded frons.

Staphylinidae

________ "rove beetles- "larvae and adult feeds on dung, decaying animal matter, etc.

Blatta orientalis oriental cockroach

________- "large, dark brown; wings vestigial in female and not reaching tip of abdomen in male.

Echinophthiriidae body

________ is densely clothed with thick setae sometimes modified into scales.

Control of cimicids

________ include eliminating hiding places, fumigating hiding places with methyl bromide, and spraying bedframes and mattress with 1 % chlordane.

Dermestidae

________-"hide beetles; "feeds on dead animals, cured meat, cheese, cereals, dried flesh, blood etc.

Cimex

________ lectularius "common bedbug- "attacks mammals and poultry.

Tunga

________ penetrans "chigoe flea or jigger- "affects man primarily but may also attack pigs, rats, skunks, etc; thorax reduced; frons sharply angled or angular.

tubular mouthparts

Most kissing bugs commonly have an elongated head with a distinct narrowed 'neck ', long legs, and prominent, segmented, ________, most commonly called the proboscis, but some authors use the term "rostrum.

Haematosiphon

________ inodora- attacks poultry in US and Mexico.

name Reduviidae

The ________ is derived from the type genus, Reduvius.

Mallophages

________ are divided into two morphologically distinct suborders, Amblycera and Ischnocera, containing 30 % and 70 % of all avian species, respectively.

Hemipterans

________ have jointed proboscis which is flexed under the head when not in use.

name Siphonaptera

The ________ is derived from the Greek words "siphon "meaning a tube or pipe and "aptera "meaning wingless.

Trichodectes canis

________- reported in the Philippines but not common.

Echinophthirius

________ species- occurs on various pinnipedia (sea lions, fur seals walrus, etc .)

Turkey

________ biting lice include Menacanthus stramineus, Menopon gallinae, Chelopistes /Goniodes meleagridis, and Oxylipeurus polytrapezius.

Pigeon

________ biting lice include Menopon giganteum, Columbicola columbae (most common), Campanulotes bidentalus, and Colphocephalum turbinatum.

swallow bug

The ________, Oeciacus vicarius, hibernates after mating in autumn and begins laying in spring, to coincide with the return of the host.

Supella

________ supellectilem- tropical cockroach with 2 brown cross band on tegmina.

Gyropus ovalis

________- in guinea pig and other rodents; present in the Philippines.

ducklings

Some beetles are poisonous to chickens, ________, and turkeys; lethal in 24 hours e.g., Macrodactylus subspinosus.

life cycle

The parasites are 1- 6 mm in size and their ________ takes about 3 weeks.

Heterodoxus spiniger

________- occurs in dogs; most common biting louse of dogs in the Philippines.

Bedbugs

________ have special scent glands and often emit a characteristic odor that can usually be detected in heavily infested sites.

Order Hemiptera

________ includes cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, shield bugs, assassin bugs, bed bugs, and others.

Diphtheria

Cockroaches are potential mechanical transmitters of the following: bacteria (around 40 enterobacteria, anthrax, tetanus, pneumonia, TB, ________, Brucellosis), fungal Infection (aspergillosis), and protozoa (Entamoeba, Giardia sp., Balantidium Coli, Trichomonas sp .)

Asia

Microthoracius cameli- occurs in camel and dromedary in Africa and ________.

Cockroaches

________ move rapidly since their legs are fit for running.

Reduvius

________ comes from the Latin reduvia, meaning "hangnail "or "remnant.

Mallophaga

________ (biting or chewing lice) is a group of obligatory ectoparasites mainly of birds and to a lesser extent (only 12 %) of mammals.

Trichodectes scalaris

Damalinia bovis /________- occurs in cattle; absent in the Philippines; present in the US.

Trimenopon

________ hispidum- occurs in guinea pig.

Beetles

________ produce a vesicating substance called cantharidin which is found in the whole body primarily in the elytra.

lice effects

Sucking ________ on host 1 Cause irritation, pruritus and subsequent biting and scratching resulting to thickened, pigmented and darkened skin (Vagabonds disease), shaggy, rough, matted hair coat and hair ball in the stomach.

Gliricola

________ porceli- occurs in guinea pig and other rodents.

Menacanthus stramineus

________ is the most pathogenic and is said to be capable of causing anemia in heavy infestations.

Phthiraptera

________ characteristic 5 Permanent ectoparasites; most being unable to survive away from the host for more than a day or two.

Gongylonema pulchrum

Beetles are cyclic transmitters of the following: Ascarops strongylina (stomach worm of pig), Physocephalus sexalatus (stomach worm of pig), ________ (esophagus of pig and rumen of ruminants), Macrocanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (thorny headed worm of pig), Spirocerca lupi (nodules in the aorta, esophagus, and stomach of dogs), Physaloptera preputialis (stomach worm of dog and cat), Moniliformis moniliformis (small intestine of rodents), Hymenolepis nana (tapeworm in the SI of rats), Raillietina cesticillus (tapeworm in the SI of chickens), Hymenolepis carioca (tapeworm in the SI of chickens), and Choanotaenia infundibulum (tape worm of chicken)

Felicola

________ subrostratus- occurs in cats; common in the Philippines especially stray cats.

Cucujidae

________-"flat bark beetles "Cryptolestes ferrugineus.

Long nosed louse eggs

________ (dark blue in color) when laid are attached to the hairs of the dewlap, sides of the neck and face or anywhere in heavy infestation.

Periplaneta

________ fuliginosa- smokey brown in color; pronotum solid dark brown to black.

behavior varies

Egg- laying ________ among cimicid species.

Class Insecta

Coleoptera comprises the largest order (40 %) of the ________.

Damalinia

________ ovis- occurs in sheep.

Cimicid adults

________ have been reported to live 3- 12 months in an untreated household situation.

direct contact

They are spread by ________ between birds and by litter etc.

Cimex lectularius "common bedbug"

attacks mammals and poultry

Haematosiphon inodora

attacks poultry in US and Mexico

Blatella germanica "german roach or croton bug"

small, light brown in color with 2 longitudinal black stripes prothorax and wings

Blatta orientalis "oriental cockroach"

large, dark brown; wings vestigial in female and not reaching tip of abdomen in male

Periplaneta americana "American roach"

1.5 inched, chestnut brown; pronotal markings less defined and the last segment of cercus twice as long as it is wide

Periplaneta fuliginosa

smokey brown in color; pronotum solid dark brown to black

Periplaneta australasiae "Australian roach"

resembles P. americana but pronotum has yellow borders

Supella supellectilem

tropical cockroach with 2 brown cross band on tegmina

Cockroaches are nocturnal

active at night and hide in dark, humid places during the day

Cockroaches are scavengers

feed on excrement, sputum, decaying organic matter, human and animal food

Cockroaches are omnivorous

nymph and adults prefer starchy and sugary foods but will eat anything from dead insects to dried or fresh blood, vegetable, cheese, grains etc

Cockroaches are gluttonous

even when a stomach is full, when they find a better food, they disgorge the stomach contents and eat again; defecates anywhere

Cockroaches are potential mechanical transmitters of the following

bacteria (around 40 enterobacteria, anthrax, tetanus, pneumonia, TB, Diphtheria, Brucellosis), fungal Infection (aspergillosis), and protozoa (Entamoeba, Giardia sp., Balantidium Coli, Trichomonas sp.)

Cockroaches serve as intermediate host or cyclic transmitter of the following

Oxyspirura mansoni (eyeworm of chicken), Tetrameres americana (proventricular worm of chicken), Physaloptera praeputialis (stomach worm of dog and cat), Gongylonema neoplasticum (produce malignant tumors in rats)

Staphylinidae "rove beetles"

larvae and adult feeds on dung, decaying animal matter, etc

Silphidae

"burying beetles"; feeds on dead animals and decomposing flesh

Dermestidae

"hide beetles"; feeds on dead animals, cured meat, cheese, cereals, dried flesh, blood etc

Cucujidae

"flat bark beetles" Cryptolestes ferrugineus

Curculionidae

Sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil); S. zeamais (corn weevil)

Meloidae

Blister beetles

Beetles are cyclic transmitters of the following

Ascarops strongylina (stomach worm of pig), Physocephalus sexalatus (stomach worm of pig), Gongylonema pulchrum (esophagus of pig and rumen of ruminants), Macrocanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (thorny headed worm of pig), Spirocerca lupi (nodules in the aorta, esophagus, and stomach of dogs), Physaloptera preputialis (stomach worm of dog and cat), Moniliformis moniliformis (small intestine of rodents), Hymenolepis nana (tapeworm in the SI of rats), Raillietina cesticillus (tapeworm in the SI of chickens), Hymenolepis carioca (tapeworm in the SI of chickens), and Choanotaenia infundibulum (tape worm of chicken)

Other species of blister beetles

Sessinia collaris "skin blister/ coconut beetles; Sessinia decolor "skin blister beetle"; Oxicopis vittala; Epicauta pestifera; Zonabris nubica

Echidnophaga gallinacea "stick tight flea"

affects chickens in Southeastern US; head is angular; no ctenidia; may attack other animals like horse, cattle, dogs, rats, etc

Tunga penetrans "chigoe flea or jigger"

affects man primarily but may also attack pigs, rats, skunks, etc; thorax reduced; frons sharply angled or angular

Pulex irritans "human fleas"

affects man and other mammals; genal and pronotal ctenidia absent; mesopleural rod absent; smoothly rounded frons

Xenopsylla cheopis "oriental rat flea"

occurs in brown rats but readily bites man; common in brown and black rats; frons smoothly rounded; mesopleural rod present; genal and pronotal ctenidia absent

Ctenocephalides felis et felis "cat flea"

oral and pronotal ctenidia present; frons pointed; 1st oral/genal ctenidia about as long as the 2nd; head is elongated; most common species in dogs and cats

Ctenocephalides canis "dog flea"

less common than Ct. felis; occurs in both dogs and cats; 1st spine about half as long as the 2nd; head is rounded

Ceratophyllus fasciatus "northern rat flea"

present in the Philippines; occurs in rodents; oral ctenidia present; pronotal ctenidia present

Ceratophyllus niger

occurs in chicken

Leptopsylla segnis "mouse flea"

presence of vertical genal ctenidia

Direct pathogenic effects of fleas include

allergic flea bite dermatitis or chronic non-specific dermatitis, irritation and wounds from scratching to relieve itchiness, ulceration and subsequent bacterial infection in the feet (Tunga penetrans), nodule formation and ulcers in the comb and wattles and around the eyes of chickens as Echidnophaga gallinacea burrows deep into the skin

Indirect pathogenic effects of fleas include

mechanical transmitter of Xenopsylla cheopis (Bubonic plague (Y. pestis) and Typhus (R. typhi)) and Leptopsylla cuniculi (transmits myxomatosis of rabbits); and intermediate host of Ctenocephalides felis, C. canis, P. irritans (Dipylidium caninum of dog, cat and man); C. canis and C. felis (Dipetalonema reconditum), C. fasciatus and X. cheopis (Hymenolepsis diminuta); C. canis, P. irritans, X. cheopis (Hymenolepis nana); C. fasciatus (Trypanosoma lewisi)

Anoplura habit 5 They are thigmotactic

move less in rough surfaces

Haematopinus tuberculatus

affects carabaos and buffaloes in Asia and Pacific

H. quadripertusus

affects cattle and buffalo in temperate and tropic regions

H. eurysternus

affects cattle (absent in the Philippines)

H. bufali

affects buffaloes in South Africa

H. suis

affects swine; largest anopluran found in domestic animals

H. asini

affects horses

L. africanus

occurs in goats and sheep "sucking louse of sheep and goats"

L. stenopsis

occurs in goats

L. pedalis

occurs in sheep "foot louse of sheep"

L. ovillus

occurs in sheep "body/blue/face louse of sheep"

L. setosus

occurs in dogs "canine sucking louse"

Solenopotes capillatus

occurs in cattle, "tubercled lice"; reported from imported cattle

Microthoracius cameli

occurs in camel and dromedary in Africa and Asia

Microthoracius praelongiceps

occurs in llama in South America

Entire life cycle of long-nosed louse

23-27 days

Entire life cycle of Pediculidae

3-4 weeks