Lights & Shapes

Type - Power driven vessel
Length - <50m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - NIL
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd., arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 5nm

- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down to let pass ahead

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 15 (crossing), Rule 16 (give way)

Type - Power driven vessel
Length - <50m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - NIL
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd., arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 5nm

- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down to let pass ahead

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 15 (crossing), Rule 16 (give way)

Type - Power driven vessel
Length - <50m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - NIL
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd., arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 5nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Head on (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 14 (head on)

Type - Power driven vessel
Length - Probably ≥50m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - NIL
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd. and second placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 6nm

- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down to let pass ahead

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 15 (crossing), Rule 16 (give way)

Type - Power driven vessel
Length - Probably ≥50m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - NIL
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd. and second placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 6nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17), hold course and speed, monitor situation

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 15 (crossing), we are stand on. 

- Rule 17 (stand on) - Shall maintain course and speed (Shall-May-Shall)

Type - Power driven vessel
Length - Probably ≥50m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - NIL
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd. and second placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 6nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Head on (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 14 (head on)

Type - Power driven vessel
Length - <12m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - NIL
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - White light, if sidelights combined, placed off fore and aft centreline, positioned at least 1m higher than side lights, arc of 225°, 2nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red light, if combined must be on centreline, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 1nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Head on (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 14 (head on)

Possibility #1
- Stern light (PDV or sailing vessel)
- Length unknown
- Stern aspect
- Special circumstances: Nil
- Underway

Possibility #2
- Vessel at anchor (vessel unknown)
- Less than 50m
- Aspect unknown
- Special circumstance: At anchor

Possibility #3
- Power-driven vessel appearing over the horizon

Possibility #4
- Rowboat or sailing vessel <7m

Possibility #5
- PDV <7m, <7kts

Type - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Length - <50m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd., arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 5nm

- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

- All round flashing light - Yellow, 120 flashes or more per minute, 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down to let vessel pass ahead

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 15 (crossing), Rule 16 (give way)

Type - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Length - <50m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd., arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 5nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

- All round flashing light - Yellow, 120 flashes or more per minute, 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17), hold course and speed, monitor situation

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 15 (crossing), we are stand on. 

- Rule 17 (stand on) - Shall maintain course and speed (Shall-May-Shall)

Type - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Length - Probably ≥50m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd. and second placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 6nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All round flashing light - Yellow, 120 flashes or more per minute, 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down to let vessel pass ahead

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 15 (crossing), Rule 16 (give way)

Type - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Length - Probably ≥50m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd. and second placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 6nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All round flashing light - Yellow, 120 flashes or more per minute, 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17), hold course and speed, monitor situation

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 15 (crossing), we are stand on.

- Rule 17 (stand on) – Shall maintain course and speed (Shall-May-Shall)

Type - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Length - <50m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

- All round flashing light - Yellow, 120 flashes or more per minute, 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Head on (rule 14), alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 14

Type - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Length - Probably ≥50m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd. and second placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 6nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red light 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All round flashing light - Yellow, 120 flashes or more per minute, 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 23):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Head on (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 14 (head on)

Type - WIG craft
Length - <50m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - WIG landing, taking off or flying near surface
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

- All round flashing light - Red, 120 flashes or more per minute, 2nm

Fog signal (Rule 35):

- Would not operate with low visibility, though same as PDV if required

-

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- We are not to be impeded (rule 18). If we are impeded (rule 8), we are the give way vessel (rule 15, rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down to let pass ahead

Reasoning for action:

Rule 18 - (i) A WIG craft shall, when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface, keep well clear of all other vessels and avoid impeding their navigation;  (ii) A WIG craft operating on the water surface shall comply with the Rules of this Part as a power-driven vessel.

Rule 8 - (iii) A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply with the rules of this part when the two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision.

Type - WIG craft
Length - <50m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - WIG landing, taking off or flying near surface
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

- All round flashing light - Red, 120 flashes or more per minute, 2nm

Fog signal (Rule 35):

-Would not operate with low visibility, though same as PDV if required

-

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- We are not to be impeded (rule 18). If we are impeded (rule 8), we are the stand on vessel (rule 15, rule 17). Shall-May-Shall (hold speed and course, monitor)

Reasoning for action:

Rule 18 - (i) A WIG craft shall, when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface, keep well clear of all other vessels and avoid impeding their navigation;

(ii) A WIG craft operating on the water surface shall comply with the Rules of this Part as a power-driven vessel.

Type - WIG craft
Length - Probably ≥50m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - WIG landing, taking off or flying near surface
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd. and second placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 6nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All round flashing light - Red, 120 flashes or more per minute, 3nm

Fog signal (Rule 35):

-Would not operate with low visibility, though same as PDV if required

-

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- We are not to be impeded (rule 18). If we are impeded (rule 8), we are the give way vessel (rule 15), alter to starboard/slow down to let pass ahead

Reasoning for action:

Rule 18 - (i) A WIG craft shall, when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface, keep well clear of all other vessels and avoid impeding their navigation; (ii) A WIG craft operating on the water surface shall comply with the Rules of this Part as a power-driven vessel.

Rule 8 - (iii) A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply with the rules of this part when the two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision.

Type - WIG craft
Length - Probably ≥50m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - WIG landing, taking off or flying near surface
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd. and second placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 6nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All round flashing light - Red, 120 flashes or more per minute, 3nm

Fog signal (Rule 35):

-Would not operate with low visibility, though same as PDV if required

-

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- We are not to be impeded (rule 18). If we are impeded (rule 8), we are the stand on vessel (rule 15, rule 17). Shall-May-Shall (hold speed and course, monitor)

Reasoning for action:

Rule 18 - (i) A WIG craft shall, when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface, keep well clear of all other vessels and avoid impeding their navigation; (ii) A WIG craft operating on the water surface shall comply with the Rules of this Part as a power-driven vessel.

If we are impeded, it is a PDV and so it’s a crossing and we are stand on

Type - WIG craft
Length - Probably <50m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - WIG landing, taking off or flying near surface
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

- All round flashing light - Red, 120 flashes or more per minute, 2nm

Fog signal (Rule 35):

- Would not operate with low visibility, though same as PDV if required

-

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- We are not to be impeded (rule 18). If we are impeded (rule 8), it is a head on situation (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:

Rule 18 - (i) A WIG craft shall, when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface, keep well clear of all other vessels and avoid impeding their navigation; (ii) A WIG craft operating on the water surface shall comply with the Rules of this Part as a power-driven vessel.

If we are impeded, it’s a PDV and so it’s a head on situation

Type - WIG craft
Length - Probably ≥50m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - WIG landing, taking off or flying near surface
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, fwd. and second placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam on either side), 6nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All round flashing light - Red, 120 flashes or more per minute, 3nm

Fog signal (Rule):

-1 prolonged (2 prolonged if stopped) blast every 2 minutes

-

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- We are not to be impeded (rule 18). If we are impeded (rule 8), it is a head on situation (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:

Rule 18 - (i) A WIG craft shall, when taking off, landing and in flight near the surface, keep well clear of all other vessels and avoid impeding their navigation; (ii) A WIG craft operating on the water surface shall comply with the Rules of this Part as a power-driven vessel.

Type - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Length - Unknown
Aspect - Astern
Special circumstances - Air cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Stern light - White light, as far aft as possible, arc of 135° (67.5° from right aft on each side)

- All round flashing light - Yellow, 120 flashes or more per minute, 2nm

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Overtaking (rule 13), we must keep clear, alter to port/starboard (preferred)

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 13 - Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rules of Part B, Sections I and II, any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.

Type - WIG craft
Length - Unknown
Aspect - Astern
Special circumstances - WIG landing, taking off or flying near surface
Movement - Underway, Probably making way

Alternative - NIL

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 23):
- Stern light - White light, as far aft as possible, arc of 135° (67.5° from right aft on each side)

- All round flashing light - Red, 120 flashes or more per minute, 2nm

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins

- 2 prolonged blasts, not exceeding intervals of 2 mins (if stopped)

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Overtaking (rule 13), we must keep clear, alter to port/starboard (preferred)

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 13 - Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rules of Part B, Sections I and II, any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.

Type - Seaplane
Length - <50m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Nil
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Can be seen as PDV <50m

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 31 – Follow PDV as close as possible):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day Shapes - Nil

Fog signal (Rule 34):
- 1 prolonged (2 prolonged if stopped) blast every 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- We are not to be impeded (rule 18). If we are impeded (rule 8), it is a crossing situation (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter course to starboard/slow down

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18 - A seaplane on the water shall, in general, keep well clear of all vessels and avoid impeding their navigation. In circumstances, however, where risk of collision exists, she shall comply with the Rules of this Part.

Type - Seaplane
Length - <50m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Nil
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Can be seen as PDV <50m

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 31 – Follow PDV as close as possible):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day Shapes - Nil

Fog signal (Rule 34):
- 1 prolonged (2 prolonged if stopped) blast every 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- We are not to be impeded (rule 18). If we are impeded (rule 8), it is a crossing situation (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17), shall maintain course and speed, monitor situation (shall-may-shall)

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18 - A seaplane on the water shall, in general, keep well clear of all vessels and avoid impeding their navigation. In circumstances, however, where risk of collision exists, she shall comply with the Rules of this Part.

Type - Seaplane
Length - <50m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - Nil
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Can be seen as PDV <50m

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 31 – Follow PDV as close as possible):
- Masthead light - White light, placed over fore and aft centreline, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day Shapes - Nil

Fog signal (Rule 34):
- 1 prolonged (2 prolonged if stopped) blast every 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- We are not to be impeded (rule 18). If we are impeded (rule 8), it is a head on situation (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18 - A seaplane on the water shall, in general, keep well clear of all vessels and avoid impeding their navigation. In circumstances, however, where risk of collision exists, she shall comply with the Rules of this Part.

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV <50m, tow ≤200m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow ≤200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, ≥2m vertical separation, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 24):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV <50m, tow ≤200m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow ≤200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22,):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, ≥2m vertical separation, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Green lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 24):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17). Hold course and speed, monitor

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies. Rule 17 Shall-May-Shall

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV <50m, tow ≤200m
Aspect - Head On
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow ≤200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 2 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, ≥2m vertical separation, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 24):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Head on (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 14 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV unknown, tow unknown
Aspect - Astern
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil (Cannot be along side or pushing as no tow light for these)

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Stern light - White light, as far aft as possible, arc of 135° (67.5° from right aft on each side)

- Towing light - Yellow light, vertical line above stern light, arc of 135° (67.5° from right aft on each side)

- All round light - White light, arc of °360

Day shapes (Rule 24):
- Unknown

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Overtaking (rule 13), we must keep clear. Alter to port/starboard (preferred) and monitor until finally passed & clear.

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV <50m, tow >200m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow >200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, ≥2m vertical separation, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

- Diamond on towed vessel (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16) and shall alter to starboard/slow down

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV <50m, tow >200m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow >200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, ≥2m vertical separation, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Green lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

- Diamond on towed vessel (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are stand on vessel (rule 17), hold course and speed, monitor situation

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies. 

- Rule 17 Shall-May-Shall

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV <50m, tow >200m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow >200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, ≥2m vertical separation, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

- Diamond on towed vessel (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Head on (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 14 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow ≤200m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow ≤200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 2 ≥2m vertical separation, the third placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 24):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16) and shall alter to starboard/slow down

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow ≤200m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow ≤200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 2 ≥2m vertical separation, the third placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Green lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 24):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17), hold course and speed, monitor situation

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies

- Rule 17 Shall-May-Shall

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow ≤200m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow ≤200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 2 ≥2m vertical separation, the third placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 24):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Head on (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 14 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow >200m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow >200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 4 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 3 ≥2m vertical separation, the fourth placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

- Diamond on towed vessel (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow >200m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow >200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 4 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 3 ≥2m vertical separation, the fourth placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Green lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

- Diamond on towed vessel (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17), hold course and speed, monitor situation

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies

- Rule 17 Shall-May-Shall

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow >200m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - Engaged in tow >200m
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 4 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 3 ≥2m vertical separation, the fourth placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

- Diamond on towed vessel (best be seen) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Head on (rule 14), both required to give room, alter to starboard, to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 14 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - Unknown
Aspect - Astern
Special circumstances - Between tug and tow
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative – Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Stern light - White light, as far aft as possible, arc of 135° (67.5° from right aft on each side)

- Towing light - Yellow light, vertical line above stern light, arc of 135° (67.5° from right aft on each side)

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Unknown

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Overtaking (rule 13), we must keep clear of vessel

Reasoning for action:
- rule 13 - Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rules of Part B, Sections I and II, any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.

Type - PDV engaged in towing alongside
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow ≤200m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - Towing alongside
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 2 ≥2m vertical separation, the third placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 5nm

- Sidelight - Green/Red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- No day shapes

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts. Then 1 prolonged blast followed by 3 short blasts (if tow is manned) at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Head on (rule 14), alter course to stbd to pass vessel port-to-port

Reasoning for action:
- PDV, so rule 14 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow <200m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Towing barge (single all round white light at the aft end)
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 2 ≥2m vertical separation, the third placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All-round - White light, arc of 360°, aft end of dracone

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on dracone (aft end) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow ≤200m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Towing Dracone barge (single all round white light at the aft end)
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 2 ≥2m vertical separation, the third placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All-round - White light, arc of 360°, aft end of dracone

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on dracone (aft end)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17), maintain course and speed, monitor

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies, Rule 17 shall-may-shall

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow >200m
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Towing dracone (single all round white light at the aft end)
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 4 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 3 ≥2m vertical separation, the fourth placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All-round - White light, arc of 360°, aft end of dracone

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen)

- 2 x diamond on tow (1 fwd. 1 aft) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow >200m
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Towing dracone (single all round white light at the aft end)
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 4 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 3 ≥2m vertical separation, the fourth placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All-round - White light, arc of 360°, aft end of dracone

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen)

- 2 x diamond on tow (1 fwd. 1 aft) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17), maintain course and speed, monitor

Reasoning for action:
- Towing vessel is PDV so rule 15 applies, Rule 17 shall-may-shall

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow >200m, object ≤100m in length, <25m breadth
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Towing an inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 4 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 3 ≥2m vertical separation, the fourth placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All-round - 2 White lights, arc of 360° (IF <25m b = 1 fwd. 1 aft. IF ≥25m b = 2 additional at extremities. IF >100m l = +1 (so distance between <100m))

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen)

- 2 x diamond on tow (1 fwd. 1 aft) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow ≤200m, object ≤100m in length, <25m breadth
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Towing an inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 2 ≥2m vertical separation, the third placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All-round - 2 White lights, arc of 360° (IF <25m b = 1 fwd. 1 aft. IF ≥25m b = 2 additional at extremities. IF >100m l = +1 (so distance between <100m))

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- 1 x diamond on aft of object

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17), hold course and speed, monitor

Shall-may-shall

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow >200m, object >100m length, <25m breadth
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Towing an inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 4 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 3 ≥2m vertical separation, the fourth placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All-round - 3 White lights, arc of 360° (IF <25m b = 1 fwd. 1 aft. IF ≥25m b = 2 additional at extremities. IF >100m l = +1 (so distance between <100m))

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen)

- 2 x diamond on tow (1 fwd. 1 aft) (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the give way vessel (rule 16), alter to starboard/slow down

Type - PDV engaged in towing
Length - PDV probably ≥50m, tow ≤200m, object ≤100m in length, ≥25m breadth
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Towing an inconspicuous, partly submerged vessel or object
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Nil

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 24):
- Masthead light - 3 White lights, placed over fore and aft centreline, 2 ≥2m vertical separation, the third placed abaft and at least 4.5m higher, arc of 225°, 6nm

- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 3nm

- All-round - 4 White lights, arc of 360° (IF <25m b = 1 fwd. 1 aft. IF ≥25m b = 2 additional at extremities. IF >100m l = +1 (so distance between <100m))

Day shapes (Rule 24, Annex I):
- Diamond on PDV (best be seen)

- Diamond on aft of tow (w=0.6, h=1.2m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged blast followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- Crossing (rule 15), we are the stand on vessel (rule 17), hold course and speed, monitor

Shall-may-shall

Type - Sailing vessel
Length - Unknown
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Sailing
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Vessel under oars

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 25):
- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam)

We cant tell but IF in combined lantern - Green light 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

(In a sailing vessel of less than 20 metres in length the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen)

Day shapes (Rule 25):
- No day shapes but by day you would see white flappy sails (only power sailing - black conical shape, apex down)

Fog signal (Rule 35):

- 1 prolonged, followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- I am the give way vessel (rule 18, 16), alter course to port (preferred)/starboard

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18 - Can alter to either port/starboard as it’s a sailing vessel

Type - Sailing vessel
Length - Unknown
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Sailing
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Vessel under oars

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 25):
- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam)
We cant tell but IF in combined lantern - Green light 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

(In a sailing vessel of less than 20 metres in length the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen)

Day shapes (Rule 25):
- No day shapes but by day you would see white flappy sails (only power sailing - black conical shape, apex down)

Fog signal (Rule 35):

- 1 prolonged, followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- I am the give way vessel (rule 18, 16), alter course to port/starboard (preferred)

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18 - Can alter to either port/starboard as it’s a sailing vessel

Type - Sailing vessel
Length - Unknown
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - Sailing
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Vessel under oars

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 25):
- Sidelight - Green/red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam)

Day shapes (Rule 25):
- No day shapes but by day you would see white flappy sails (only power sailing - black conical shape, apex down)

Fog signal (Rule 35):

- 1 prolonged, followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- I am the give way vessel (rule 18, 16), alter course to port/starboard (preferred)

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18 - Can alter to either port/starboard as it’s a sailing vessel

Type - Sailing vessel
Length - <20m
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - Sailing
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Vessel under oars

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 25):
- Sidelight (in combined lantern) – Green/Red lights, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam), 2nm

(In a sailing vessel of less than 20 metres in length the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen)

Day shapes (Rule 25):
- No day shapes but by day you would see white flappy sails (only power sailing - black conical shape, apex down)

Fog signal (Rule 35):

- 1 prolonged, followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- I am the give way vessel (rule 18, 16), alter course to port/starboard (preferred)

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18 - Can alter to either port/starboard as it’s a sailing vessel

Type - Sailing vessel
Length - Unknown
Aspect - Port
Special circumstances - Sailing, showing additional all round lights
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Vessel under oars

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 25):
- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam)

- All-round lights - unbroken light over arc of 360° (red over green)

(A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit at or near the top of the mast, where they can best be seen, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower green, but these lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined lantern permitted by paragraph (b) of this Rule)

Day shapes (Rule 25):
- No day shapes but by day you would see white flappy sails (only power sailing - black conical shape, apex down)

Fog signal (Rule 35):

- 1 prolonged, followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- I am the give way vessel (rule 18, 16), alter course to port/starboard (preferred)

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18 - Can alter to either port/starboard as it’s a sailing vessel

Type - Sailing vessel
Length - Unknown
Aspect - Starboard
Special circumstances - Sailing, showing additional all round lights
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Vessel under oars

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 25):
- Sidelight - Green light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam)

- All-round light - unbroken light over arc of 360° (red over green)

(A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit at or near the top of the mast, where they can best be seen, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower green, but these lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined lantern permitted by paragraph (b) of this Rule)

Day shapes (Rule 25):
- No day shapes but by day you would see white flappy sails (only power sailing - black conical shape, apex down)

Fog signal (Rule 35):

- 1 prolonged, followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- I am the give way vessel (rule 18, 16), alter course to port (preferred)/starboard

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18 - Can alter to either port/starboard as it’s a sailing vessel

Type - Sailing vessel
Length - Unknown
Aspect - Head on
Special circumstances - Sailing, showing additional all round lights
Movement - Underway, probably making way

Alternative - Vessel under oars

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 25):
- Sidelight - Red light, arc of 112.5° (from right ahead to 22.5° abaft the beam)

- All-round light - unbroken light over arc of 360° (red over green)

(A sailing vessel underway may, in addition to the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) of this Rule, exhibit at or near the top of the mast, where they can best be seen, two all-round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower green, but these lights shall not be exhibited in conjunction with the combined lantern permitted by paragraph (b) of this Rule)

Day shapes (Rule 25):
- No day shapes but by day you would see white flappy sails (only power sailing - black conical shape, apex down)

Fog signal (Rule 35):

- 1 prolonged, followed by 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- I am the give way vessel (rule 18, rule 16), alter course to port/starboard (preferred)

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18 - Can alter to either port/starboard as it’s a sailing vessel

Type - Vessel engaged in fishing, trawling
Length - <50m

Aspect - Unknown
Special circumstances - Engaged in trawling
Movement - Underway, not making way

Alternative - Could be at anchor

Lights (Rule 21, 22, 26):
- All-round lights - unbroken light over arc of 360° (Green over white), 2nm

Day shapes (Rule 26, Annex I):
- 2 black cones, apex towards each other in a vertical line (h=0.6m)

Fog signal (Rule 35):
- 1 prolonged, 2 short blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes

Action (constant bearing, ahead):
- I am the give way vessel (rule 18, 16), alter to port/starboard (preferred) and keep clear

Reasoning for action:
- Rule 18, we must keep clear of vessels engaged in fishing