clinical skills- common skin pathologies

plaque, guttate, and pustular

what are some types of psoriasis?

pink with silvery scales

what is the classic presentation of psoriasis?

repeat trauma

psoriasis is most common in areas of...

psoriasis

in what skin pathology does the skin "over-heal itself"?

psoriasis (image)

name this skin pathology

benign fibrous tumor-like nodule of the skin

what is a dermatofibroma?

dermatofibroma

name this skin pathology

a closed sac lined with epidermis and filled with fluid or semi-solid material

what is a sebaceous cyst?

epidermoid cyst

what is a sebaceous cyst aka?

do not squeeze, ruptures easily

what should NOT be done to a sebaceous cyst?

sebaceous cyst

name this skin pathology

inflammation of hair follicle

what is folliculitis?

folliculitis

name this skin pathology

boil

what is a furuncle aka?

large sebaceous cyst surrounding hair follicle

what is a furuncle?

staph infection

what is a furuncle secondary to?

furuncle

name this skin pathology

many sebaceous cysts with multiple pockets

what is a carbuncle?

carbuncle

name this skin pathology

urticaria

what is the medical term for hives?

pruritic papules, plaques, and wheals

describe urticaria

angioedema

if urticaria is severe, what is it called?

eyes and lips

what does angioedema typically involve?

IgE-mediated response to allergen or idiopathic

what can urticaria be caused by?

urticaria (image)

name this skin pathology

HSV-1

name this skin pathology

HSV-2

name this skin pathology

herpes zoster aka shingles

what is reactivation of varicella virus in immunocompromised patients?

unilateral along a dermatome, pain before rash

describe sx of shingles

shingles (herpes zoster)

name this skin pathology

Sarcoptes scabiei

what is the mite that causes scabies?

scabies

what skin condition is caused by a female mite that burrows into the skin and lays eggs?

pruritus (secondary to sensitization to eggs, mites, and their feces) that increases after hot shower and at night

what are the sx of scabies?

skin-to-skin contact

scabies is extremely contagious with...

scabies (image)

name this skin pathology

web spaces of hands, flexor surfaces, axillae, waist, inner thighs, and feet

when scabies is suspected, what should you check for vesicles and burrows?

rough, scaly papule on skin secondary to sun exposure

what is actinic keratosis?

precancerous, causing squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)

actinic keratosis can be..

actinic keratosis (image)

name this skin condition

velvety brown, black, or tan growth with stuck on appearance

what is seborrheic keratosis?

seborrheic keratosis (image)

name this skin pathology

no

is seborrheic keratosis cancerous?

acrochordon

what medical term describes a skin tag?

pedunculated and benign

describe acrochordon

pregnancy, aging, areas of constant friction, diabetes

what does acrochordon increase with?

acrochordon (image)

name this skin pathology

fatty tumor, adipose tissue, benign, soft, rubbery, subcutaneous

describe lipoma

lipoma

name this skin pathology

verruca vulgaris

what is the medical term for the common wart?

firm papule that is hyper-keratotic, dots are thrombosed capillaries

describe verruca vulgaris

spontaneous recovery

describe resolution of verruca vulgaris

verruca vulgaris (image)

name this skin pathology

epidermal viral infection

what kind of infection causes molluscum contagiosum?

can look like wart, flesh-colored papule with umbilicated center or white core

describe appearance of molluscum contagiosum

direct contact

how is molluscum contagiosum spread?

molluscum contagiosum

name this skin pathology

viral infection

what infection causes pityriasis rosea?

herald patch, salmon colored oval on trunk or arms

what do you first see with pityriasis rosea?

generalized eruption of papules with centripetal scaling, christmas tree pattern

after 2 weeks, what is seen with pityriasis rosea?

pityriasis rosea

name this skin pathology

rxn of blood vessels in epidermis of skin and mucous membranes

erythema multiforme is a...

drug rxn (most common), viral or bacterial infxn, idiopathic

what is the etiology of erythema multiforme?

palms, soles, and mucous membranes in varying severity

the target lesions of erythema multiforme may involve....

2-4 weeks

how long does it take for target lesions of erythema multiforme to resolve?

erythema multiforme

name the skin pathology

large, painful subcutaneous nodules with overlying erythema

what is erythema nodosum?

lower extremities

where is erythema nodosum normally seen on the body?

females

what gender is erythema nodosum most common in?

15-30 years old

what is the more common age range for erythema nodosum?

streptococcal infxns, drug rxns: OCPs and sulfonamides, pregnancy, TB, sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel disease

what is the etiology of erythema nodosum?

erythema nodosum

name the skin pathology

pruritic vesicles

contact dermatitis involves ___ due to allergic reaction from a contacted agent

plants: poison ivy, nickel, and dyes

what are the most common causes of contact dermatitis?

immunologic rxn

how is contact dermatitis spread?

contact dermatitis

name the skin pathology

monilia, yeast infxn

what is cutaneous candidiasis aka?

moist areas

where is cutaneous candidiasis commonly found?

diabetics and immunosuppressed

cutaneous candidiasis has increased risk in...

starts as pustule and can progress into red eroded patch with small lesions at periphery=satellite lesions

describe progression of cutaneous candidiasis

cutaneous candidiasis

satellite lesions are a key sign of..

cutaneous candidiasis (image)

name the skin pathology

superficial infxn, usually staph or strep

what kind of infection is seen with impetigo?

minor breaks in the skin

impetigo colonizes in...

honey colored crusts

what is the hallmark for impetigo?

very

is impetigo contagious?

impetigo

name the skin pathology

white macules and patches, loss of pigmentation due to lack of melanin

describe vitiligo

benign

is vitiligo benign or cancerous?

autoimmune conditions

what is vitiligo associated with?

vitiligo

name this skin pathology

fungal

what kind of infection is tinea?

marginated, peripheral enlargement with central clearing, may be pruritic

describe tinea

tinea capitis

what is fungal infection of the scalp?

tinea corporis

what is fungal infection of the body?

ringworm

what is tinea corporis aka?

tinea cruris

what is fungal infection of the inguinal area?

tinea pedis

what is fungal/dermatophyte infection of the feet?

tinea versicolor

what fungal infection involves discolored patches on the skin?

tinea capitis

name this skin pathology

patches of alopecia (hair will regrow once infection heals)

what might be seen with tinea capitis?