Lecture 20: Thermodynamics - Temperature and Heat 1

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from Lecture 20 on Thermodynamics, focusing on temperature, its measurement, and its effects on materials.

Thermodynamics

The study of heat and temperature, their movement, and their effects on matter.

Temperature

A measure of hotness or coldness; a part of determining heat energy.

Celsius Scale

Temperature scale based on the phase change of water, setting the ice point at 0 and the steam point at 100.

Centigrade Scale

Also called centigrade scale, this scale is the same as the Celsius scale.

Fahrenheit Scale

Temperature scale based on a physical standard where 32 degrees is freezing and 212 degrees is the steam point.

Kelvin Scale

A temperature scale where zero is defined as absolute zero, the point at which all molecular motion stops.

Absolute Zero

The coldest possible temperature, where all molecular motion ceases.

Thermometer

A device used to measure temperature.

Liquid or Gas Thermometers

Thermometers that rely on the expansion and contraction of liquids or gases due to temperature changes.

Thermocouple

An electronic thermometer consisting of two dissimilar wires joined together, creating a voltage difference related to temperature.

Thermistor

An electronic thermometer that measures temperature based on the change in electrical resistance of a material.

Thermograph

A thermometer that measures temperature by detecting infrared radiation emitted by an object.

Linear Thermal Expansion

The increase in length of a material due to an increase in temperature.

Coefficient of Linear Expansion (alpha)

A material property that indicates how much a material expands or contracts per degree Celsius change in temperature.

Volume Thermal Expansion

The increase in volume of a material due to an increase in temperature.

Coefficient of Volume Expansion (beta)

A materials constant indicating its volume change (expansion or contraction) per Celsius degree.

Bimetallic Strip

A strip made of two different metals with different coefficients of thermal expansion, used in temperature-sensitive switches.

Electromechanical Approach

An approach using mechanical and electrical components for durable and inexpensive switching mechanisms.

Hole Expansion

The expansion or contraction of a void space as if it were made of the surrounding material.