Joints of the Thoracic Limb

Shoulder Joint

Also known as the humeral joint, it is a spheroidal joint that allows limited rotation.

Elbow Joint

A hinge joint that allows movement primarily in the sagittal plane.

Radioulnar Joints

Places between the radius and ulna allowing rotational movement of the forearm.

Articulation of the Manus

Refers to the joints in the forelimb including carpal and metacarpophalangeal joints.

Intermetacarpal Joints

Joints between individual metacarpal bones.

Phalangeal Joints

Joints of the digits of the thoracic limb.

Spheroidal Joint

A type of joint that allows multi-directional movement; example includes the shoulder joint.

Hinge Joint

A joint that allows movement primarily in one plane, such as the elbow.

Trochlear Notch

A prominent feature of the ulna allowing for articulation with the humerus.

Suspensory Ligament

A ligament that supports the fetlock joint and plays a crucial role in the locomotion of animals.

Collateral Ligaments

Ligaments that provide stability to joints, particularly around the elbow and knee.

Glenoid Cavity

A concave structure in the scapula forming the socket for the shoulder joint.

Bicipital Tendon

A tendon that lies within the bicipital groove of the humerus.

Intertubercular Groove

A groove that accommodates the bicipital tendon.

Trochlear Surface

The smooth surface of the humeral condyle that articulates with the ulna.

Olecranon Fossa

A depression on the humerus where the olecranon process of the ulna fits.

Palmar Ligament

Ligaments that support the joints of the digital region in the forelimb.

Medial Glenohumeral Ligament

A ligament on the medial side of the shoulder joint that aids stability.

Lateral Glenohumeral Ligament

A ligament on the lateral side of the shoulder joint.

Proximal Radioulnar Joint

The joint between the proximal ends of the radius and ulna.

Distal Radioulnar Joint

The joint between the distal ends of the radius and ulna.

Carpal Bones

The bones forming the wrist joint in mammals.

Carpometacarpal Joints

The joints between the carpal bones and metacarpal bones.

Digital Bones

Bones found in the digits (fingers) of the forelimb.

Antebrachiocarpal Joint

Joint between the antebrachium and the proximal row of carpal bones.

Intercarpal Joint

Joints between the individual carpal bones.

Metacarpophalangeal Joint

The joint between the metacarpals and proximal phalanges.

Proximal Interphalangeal Joint

Joint between the proximal and middle phalanges.

Distal Interphalangeal Joint

Joint between the middle phalanx and the distal phalanx.

Condyle

The rounded articular surface of a bone.

Synovial Bursa

A fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between moving structures.

Infraspinatus Muscle

Muscle that is inserted on the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Trochlear notch

The deep notch of the ulna that articulates with the humeral condyle.

Olecranal Process

The prominent bony projection of the ulna at the elbow.

Anconeal Process

The projection on the ulna that fits into the humerus.

Coracohumeral Ligament

A ligament found in ungulates, providing stability to the shoulder.

Transverse Humeral Ligament

A ligament found only in carnivores supporting the bicipital tendon.

Sesamoid Bones

Small bones located within tendons, commonly found in joints.

Interosseous Membrane

A fibrous sheet connecting the radius and ulna allowing for rotational motion.

Thorough Pouch

A pouch found in the shoulder joint of the horse.

Joint Capsule

A fibrous tissue surrounding a joint, providing stability and protection.

Distal Sesamoid Bone

Also known as the navicular bone, found in the horse's digit.

Anular Ligament

Ligaments that encircle a joint providing support and flexibility.

Proximal Sesamoid Bones

Sesamoid bones located near the fetlock joint.

Fetlock Joint

The metacarpophalangeal joint in ungulates.

Navicular Bone

A bone that is part of the joint structure in the digit of horses.

Interdigitate Ligament

Ligaments that provide stability between digits.

Lateral Collateral Ligament

Stabilizing ligaments of the elbow and other joints.

Soft Tissue Density

Refers to the visualization of soft tissue in radiography.

Chondrocoronal Ligament

Ligament associated with the cartilages at the joint.