Supreme Court Cases

Flashacard Formatter Custom Gem Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Judicial Review / Article III: Established the power of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional and expanded federal power

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Supremacy Clause / Necessary and Proper Clause: Confirmed the supremacy of federal law over state law and established implied powers for Congress

Schenck v. United States (1919)

1st Amendment / Clear and Present Danger: Ruled that speech can be limited if it creates a clear and present danger to national security

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

14th Amendment / Equal Protection Clause: Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and ruled that separate but equal facilities are inherently unequal

Baker v. Carr (1962)

14th Amendment / Equal Protection Clause: Ruled that legislative redistricting is a justiciable issue and established the one person one vote principle

Engel v. Vitale (1962)

1st Amendment / Establishment Clause: Ruled that public school-sponsored prayer is unconstitutional even if participation is voluntary

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

6th Amendment / Right to Counsel: Incorporated the right to an attorney to the states through the 14th Amendment Due Process Clause

Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)

1st Amendment / Symbolic Speech: Ruled that students do not shed their constitutional rights at the schoolhouse gate and protected symbolic armbands

New York Times Co. v. United States (1971)

1st Amendment / Freedom of the Press: Established a heavy presumption against prior restraint even in cases involving national security

Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)

1st Amendment / Free Exercise Clause: Ruled that individual religious interests outweigh the states interest in compelling school attendance beyond 8th grade

Roe v. Wade (1973)

14th Amendment / Right to Privacy: Ruled that a womans decision to have an abortion is protected by the right to privacy implied by the Due Process Clause

Shaw v. Reno (1993)

14th Amendment / Equal Protection Clause: Ruled that redistricting based solely on race is subject to strict scrutiny and must be narrowly tailored

United States v. Lopez (1995)

Article I / Commerce Clause: Ruled that the Gun-Free School Zones Act exceeded Congress power because carrying a gun is not an economic activity

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)

1st Amendment / Free Speech: Ruled that corporate and union funding of independent political broadcasts cannot be limited

McDonald v. Chicago (2010)

2nd Amendment / Right to Bear Arms: Incorporated the individual right to keep and bear arms to the states through the 14th Amendment Due Process Clause