The five process states along with other terms

What is a process in the context of computer systems?

A process is a program execution that includes the program code, current activity (program counter and processor registers), and the process stack containing temporary data.

List the five possible states of a process as it executes.

New, Running, Waiting, Ready, and Terminated.

Define each process state

New. The process is being created, Running. Instructions are being executed, Waiting. The process is waiting for some event to occur, Ready. The process is waiting to be assigned to a processor, Terminated.  The process has finished execution.

CPU scheduling

In a single-processor machine only one process can occupy the CPU at any moment; all other processes must wait until the processor becomes free and can be scheduled again