research methods - generating and applying evidence

6/1 - first class

define patient oriented research

• human subjects

• ++understanding of diseases and disorders

• how effective therapeutic intervention is

epidemiologic and behavioral studies

• observational

• describe patterns of diseases and stability

• identify preventatives and risk factors

outcomes reasearch and health services research

• impact of research on health

• use of evidence based interventions

aka the application of the research in real life

quantitative vs qualitative

qualitative- in the form of observation, interviews, focus groups to describe state of condition, explore associations, or formulate theories (**social constructivism)

quantitative- measurement of data using numerical data under standardized conditions to address physcial, behaviroal, physiological well being (**logical controlled relationships)

what two assumptions was the scientific method founded on - maybe not an important flash card

1. nature is orderly, events are consistent and predictable

2. events/ conditions are not random or accidental »one or more causes can be discovered

scientific method research process

1. Identify and research question  

2. Design the study  

3. Implement the study  

4. Analyze the data  

5. Disseminate findings>> getting the article peer reviewed etc  

translational research

"bench-to-bedside" approach that converts basic scientific discoveries into practical applications, such as new drugs, devices, or treatments

includes efficacy and effectiveness

define efficacy and effectiveness

• efficacy> tested to establish cause and effect relationship under ideal and highly controlled lab conditions

• Effectiveness>benefits and use of procedures/ intervention in real world setting  

define models of health and disability

focuses on the ICF=international classification of functioning, disability, and health which is a common tool that creates a »

universal language to look at patients health and focuses on how to describe how a person lives and functions with their health condition

has 6 components divided into 2 domains

ICF is compared to the OTPF to see how it can be applied  

intraprofessional vs interproffesional

intra- members of one professions working together sharing information from one perspective  

inter- multiple professions work together, contribute various skills integrating information ( ex: if an OT works with a child to teach simple words to kids instead of consulting a speech therapist, because they can do it)

multiprofessional vs transprofessional

multi- multiple professions work in parallel to provide input while each staying in professional boundries

trans- high level cooperation from multiple professions, blurred boundries, share skills and expertise

Basic vs applied research

Applied is higher quality research> can be classified as descriptive (qualitative) , exploratory (observational) , or explanatory (experimental)  

basic» it is not focused on fixing an immediate practical problem, gain a foundational understanding of how things work, and form theories

what are the three research classifications and def.

descriptive research- to describe population

exploratory research- finds relationships or assosiations between factors

explanatory research- cause and effect, test under controlled to see if it causes an outcome

they can overlap No hierarchy