HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

VOCABULARY flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture notes on human development, personal development, and related psychology concepts.

Physical Development

Growth of the body and brain, including motor and sensory skills and physical health.

Cognitive Development

Capacity to learn, to speak, to understand, to reason, and to create.

Psychosocial Development

Social interactions with others, emotions, attitudes, self-identity, personality, beliefs, and values.

Heredity

Inborn traits passed down through generations from both sides of biological parents’ families.

Environment

The outside world and experiences resulting from contact and interaction with it.

Maturation

Natural progression of the brain and body that affects cognitive, psychological, and social dimensions.

Personality Development

Growth of social presentation and behavior; includes grooming, etiquette, and communication; linked to related industries.

Personal Development

Process of reflecting on oneself, understanding who you are, accepting yourself, and learning or unlearning values, attitudes, and behaviors to reach full potential.

Homo sapiens

Early humans who created cave drawings as a form of creative expression and narration.

Republic (Plato’s Republic)

Philosophical work on education and governance, emphasizing reason and the common good.

Plato

Philosopher who argued that building character is central to education.

Human Potential Movement (HPM)

1960s counterculture-era movement believing untapped human potential can lead to happiness, creativity, and social change.

Existentialism

Philosophical theory focusing on the individual as a free and responsible agent shaping their development.

Humanistic Psychology

Psychology emphasizing inherent human goodness, self-actualization, and the centrality of human experience.

Confucian Philosophy

Chinese philosophy emphasizing moral development and social harmony; the ideal of being the superior person.

Ren (benevolence)

Compassion, empathy, and kindness toward others to promote harmonious relationships.

Martin Seligman

Psychologist associated with Positive Psychology, emphasizing strengths and well-being.

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi

Psychologist known for concepts related to positive psychology and optimal experience (flow).

Abraham Maslow

Psychologist who proposed the hierarchy of needs culminating in self-actualization.

Self-actualization

Motivation to realize and fulfill one’s full potential.

Carl Rogers

Psychologist who stressed the innate capacity for growth toward maturity and self-direction.

Self (philosophy)

The being that is the source of a person’s consciousness and agency.

Self (psychology)

Essence of a person: thoughts, feelings, actions, beliefs, values, and relationships.

Self (religion/spiritual realm)

Self includes life purpose, aspirations, and relationship with a higher being.

Self (sociology)

Self is defined by the social roles we assume (e.g., child, friend, classmate, teammate).

Trait theories

Approach that explains personality in terms of stable traits or dispositions.

Big Five / Five-Factor Model

Five universal personality dimensions: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.

OCEAN

Acronym for Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.

Openness to experience

Curiosity, imagination, and readiness to engage with new ideas.

Conscientiousness

Organized, responsible, hardworking, and reliable.

Extraversion

Sociable, talkative, energetic, and outgoing.

Agreeableness

Friendly, trusting, and cooperative tendencies.

Neuroticism

Emotional stability vs. instability (notes describe as calm/relaxed in this context).

MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator)

Personality model based on four preferences: E/I, S/N, T/F, J/P.

Rorschach Inkblot Test

Projective test used to assess personality based on responses to inkblots.

Keirsey Temperament Sorter

Personality assessment linked to temperament types and behavioral tendencies.

Mind-body dualism

Descartes’ view that mind and body are distinct and separable.

Yin and Yang

Eastern concept of balanced, dynamic interaction of opposing forces.

Paul Ekman’s basic emotions

Six basic emotions: happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, disgust.

Four basic emotions (Glasgow 2014)

Four basic emotions: happy, sad, afraid/surprised, angry/disgusted.

Emotions vs. Feelings (Damasio)

Emotion is a bodily response; feeling arises from brain’s interpretation of that emotion.

Values (UN universal values)

Universal values such as peace, freedom, social progress, equal rights, and human dignity.

Schwartz’s 10 basic values

Ten universal values: Self-Direction, Stimulation, Hedonism, Achievement, Power, Security, Conformity, Tradition, Benevolence, Universalism.

Virtues (cardinal)

Prudence, Justice, Fortitude, Temperance as key moral qualities.

Facebook corporate values

Be Bold; Focus on Impact; Move Fast; Be Open; Build Social Value.

Adolescence

Transition between childhood and adulthood; broadly 11–18 years (definitions vary).

Early, Middle, Late adolescence (Corpuz et al.)

Early: 10–13; Middle: 14–16; Late: 17–20.

Identity

An individual’s self-concept, shaped by interactions with others and environment.

Role Confusion

Lack of a clear self-concept or identity, affecting relationships.

Puberty

Biological changes marking adolescence and the onset of sexual maturation.

Adolescent cognitive growth

Development in understanding abstract concepts like freedom and rights.

Filipino adolescent developmental tasks

Developing occupational skills, self-reliance, financial literacy, social responsibility, healthy lifestyle, etc.

Financial literacy

Understanding money value, how money is earned, saved, and spent.