Energy revision

kinetic energy

Any form of energy in which matter is moving

mechanical energy

The energy of a moving object

potential energy

stored energy

electrical energy

Electrons flowing through a circuit or through the air

light energy

An electromagnetic wave that exists in many forms, one of which allows us to see

sound energy

Energy where the vibration of particles travels through solids, liquids, and gases.

thermal energy

Energy that speeds up the particles of matter and is measured with a thermometer

chemical energy

Energy stored in the bonds between atoms and molecules; breaking the bonds releases the energy

elastic energy

Energy stored in an object as it is stretched or compressed

nuclear energy

The potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

gravitational POTENTIAL energy

Potential energy that depends on the height of an object

gravitational KINETIC energy

the energy an object has when it is falling

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

absolute zero

The coldest temperature, 0 Kelvin, that can be reached. It is the hypothetical temperature at which all molecule motion stops.

energy transfer

Movement of energy from one place or object to another

energy transformation

A change from one form of energy to another

potential energy

stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object

kinetic energy

the energy an object has due to its motion

elastic potential energy

the energy of stretched or compressed objects

chemical potential energy

energy that is due to bonds in atoms and molecules

nuclear potential energy

energy stored in the center of atoms

gravitational potential energy

energy stored by objects due to their position above Earth's surface.

What two factors affect GRAVITATIONAL potential energy?

mass and height

Joule (J)

unit of energy

If you increase the mass of an object, its POTENTIAL energy (increases or decreases)

increases

If you decrease the height an object is dropped, its POTENTIAL energy (increases or decreases)

decreases

At the lowest point of the roller coaster

Where is kinetic energy the greatest?

0

If the amount of energy available is 100 and the PE is 100, then the KE must be ______

30

If the amount of energy available is 100 and the PE is 70, then the KE must be ______

100

If the amount of energy available is 100 and the KE is 0, then the PE must be ______

If you increase the height of the roller coaster, the POTENTIAL energy (gets bigger or smaller).

bigger

If you decrease the mass of the roller coaster, the POTENTIAL energy )gets bigger or smaller).

smaller

examples of elastic potential energy

stretched rubber band, bow and arrow, spring

example of nuclear potential energy

fission or fusion

examples of chemical potential energy

glow sticks, fire work, digesting food

examples of gravitational potential energy

rock on a mountain, raindrop in a cloud or high diver on a cliff

baseball

Which would have more kinetic energy, a baseball coming at you are 5 mph or a tennis ball coming at you at 5 mph?

50

Which would have more kinetic energy, a soccer ball coming at you at 30 mph or 50 mph?

mass and velocity(speed)

What two factors affect kinetic energy?

hydroelectric power

Power generated from moving water.

wind turbine

a machine that converts the kinetic energy in wind into mechanical energy.

geothermal energy

the energy produced by heat within the earth

biofuel

a fuel derived directly from living matter.

solar energy

energy from the sun that is converted into thermal or electrical energy

natural resources

materials found in nature that are used by living things

renewable resource

A natural resource that can be replaced at the same rate at which the resource is consumed

nonrenewable resource

a resource that cannot be replaced within a short period of time or at all