Chapter 2
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41 Terms
Smallest unit of life
cells
Smallest level of organization
atom
Energy is always a
one way flow
Which of the following is a domain
Eukarya
In an experiment the baseline used for comparison is known as
control
Which of the following is not true about the characteristics of life
Energy is not required
All forms are made of what?
matter
What is matter made up of?
elements
Can elements be broken down?
no
When two or more elements are combined what is created?
compound
Living things are mainly composed of which six elements?
Carbon, O2, nitrogen, hydrogen, phosphorus and sulfur
What are atoms made up of?
Electrons and protons
What is the smallest piece of an element that retains the characteristics of the element?
atoms
What is a proton?
Positively Charged (+)
What is an electron?
Negatively charged (-)
What is a neutron?
No charge (0)
What indicates an element's protons?
the atomic number
How do you calculate the mass number?
(# of protons + neutrons)
Will electrons and protons always be the same?
yes
What unit is used for atomic weight
daltons
What is an isotope?
Atoms in a chemical element that have different numbers of neutrons than protons and electrons
What are atoms organized into?
the periodic table
What are the rules of electrons?
Is 8 electrons stable?
Yes
What is the max for an electron in a ring?
What is the Octet Rule?
What is a valence shell?
Why are noble gases set apart? They are not reactive; They are satisfied
What are the three different types of bonds?
What is covalent
Sharing of electrons (strongest bond)
Ionic Bond
give and take of electron (Intermediate; losing and gaining)
Hydrogen Bond:
What two elements stay inside of the nucleus?
What is a non-polar covalent bond? Equal sharing of electrons so there is no charge
Polar covalent bond
Unequal sharing of electrons so it has slight charges
Losing electrons is a positive charge
Gaining electron is a negative charge
Is liquid water more dense than solid ice? T/F
What is cohesion?
What do you call it when two different molecules stick together?
What are the properties of water?