Biology Animal Diversity

3 animal requirements

• Animals acquire energy by consuming other organisms

• Animals move

• multicellular

• heterotroph

Heterotrophs

• must eat other organisms for food

Invertebrates

• no backbone

• simple body plan

4 distinctions of animals

• specialized cells to form tissues or no speciallized cells

• symmetry

• gut development

• growth

Specialization

• non-specialized: sponges

• specialized: most other animals

Radial Symmetry

• circular, slow-moving

• no front or back end

Bilateral symmetry

• left and right symmetry

• front and back

• chordates

Gut Development

• protostome: mouth forms first

• deuterostome: anus forms first

Growth

• Molting: shed exoskeleton, replace with larger one

• Continous: body size continously increases

Prolifera

• sponges- aquatic, saltwater, sessile, no tiissue, brain or symmetry

Cnidarians

• Anemones, jellyfish - salt or fresh, sessile, radial symmetry, no brain

Platyhelminthes

• flatworm- aquatic, fresh or salt, bilateral, tissues, protosomes

Nematodes

• roundworms- aquatic or terrestrial, tissue, protosomes, bilateral brain

Mollusks

Mussels, clams, octoposues: aquatic or terrestrial, bilateral, tissues, protosomes, segmented body, brain

Annelids

Earthworms: aquatic or terrestrial, salt or fresh, mobile, bilateral, tissues, protosomes, mo one brain, continous

Arthropods

• Crustraceans, insects: aquatic, or terrestrial, salt or fresh, hard exoskeleton, bilaeral, tissues, brain, molting

Echinoderms

• Starfish, Sea cucumbers, aquatic, mostly salt, regreneration, radial deutrosomes, no brain

Chordates

• Fish, amphibans: aquatic or terrestrial, saltor fresh, can fly, bilateral, tissues, deutersomes, brain