challenges

how was her legitimacy challenged

• as her mother was anne boleyn who had previously been executed by henry for adultery so liz legitimacy was questioned as her father also divorced someone to marry which pope refused and was against

• so as a result of popes refused divorce catholics didn’t see anne as true queen therefore any children had illigetamate

• so catholics believed mary queen of scoy’s should be queen as she was also catholic

PROBLEM FOR LEGITIMACY

• high risk of rebellion from catholic subjects which made up vast proportion of society particularly in the west (1/3 nobility) and replace with MQS

• they also had powerful connections to france and spain (catholic) protestant risk

How was Mary caused tensions when died to England

Elizabeth had options as she captured her

• help her regain throne in Scotland : which may maintain leave between the two

• Hand I’ve ti Scottish lords

• Allow her to flee abroad

• Keep her in England which she Ende duo doing

What was the consequence of keeping Mary in England

As no verdict could solve the problem if Mary as Mary said the court had no right to try her first murder if Lord Darnley as she was an anointed monarch and wouldn’t offer a plea unless liz guaranteed a verdict of her innocence which Elizabeth refused to do

• problem as no verdict sijce if found guilty she would return to lords as their prisoner and Elizabeth would have been supported the deposing of an anointed monarch

• But if found innocent Mary would be free to raise an army , with foreign Catholic support which could pose a threat to liz power to throne therefore court didn’t reach any conclusions and kept her imprisoned

Why was keeping Mary in England a threat

• as she had a strong claim to the English throne

• And due to Elizabeth coming to throne and switching country back to Protestantism many catholics in England were against and wanted to reinforce Catholicism which they used Mary as figurehead to di so

• Aswell a threat to her legitimacy

• Increased tensions as by her being in England it posed an opportunity and became a focus for Catholic plots in England to capture Mary and claim the throne

• Aswell or essence increased risk if foreign Catholic support to Mary against Elizabeth

what was the problem with france ?

• traditional enemy (4x population) and was catholic which she saw as an enemy

• this was because it was close and could use catholic ireland as a way to attack england

• it was allied to scotland sind mary was married to spanish heir in which MQS had strong claim so france had soldiers in scotland to protect mary

FRANCE PROBLEM

• it was close by and allied to scotland (MQS) which was a major threat in england at this time since catholics believed her to be rightful queen and wanted to replace. → form alliances against england as french troops in scotland for mary to be on throne → threat to throne and protestantism

• struggled financially to protect england against threat

How was Spain a threat

• religious rivalry

• Political rivalry

• Commercial rivalry

Which ways was Catholic a threat to religion

• Spain was a Catholic country try and one of the most powerful countries and as England used to be Catholic under Mary he saw her religious settlement as an abandonment of Catholic faith

• But also Catholic within England saw Protestantism as evil and wanted to rid of it (recussants) mainly in north as was dominated by them

• Whilst Protestants thought the same about Catholicism

• Which was a threat as Phillip could use the religious settlement to insight rebellion and invade with support of English catholics

How did the papal bull create tension with Spain

• 1570 pope excommunicated Elizabeth from the church following revolt of northern earls 1569 officially excluding her from the Catholic Church which made every catholics duty and called upon them ti rebel /overthrow her

• This was a threat as Phillip did have the power to do this aswell now had permission of the pope to do so without any religious consequences from removing appointed Queen hence the plots

Political rivalry with Spain

-MQS

• plots

• The Netherlands

How was Mary Queen of Scot’s with Spain an issue

• as Phillip supported Mary in her claim t the English throne, as when she was married to French king he was worried about a Scottish - French alliance however when she got kicked out he began supporting her in her claim

• Which was biggest threat to Elizabeth as Mary had a claim and Spain was most powerful and could therefore support her to claim throne

• Having her in England increased threat and tensions of possibility Spanish invasion to capture Mary and place in throne

How was the Netherlands a threat

• as due to Spain invading in 1566 and turning it to catholic caused rebellion of Protestants led by the duke which Elizabeth secretly supported with money so she was supporting Dutch oritestsntas rebels who were directly fighting against Spain

• And by 1585 treaty of no such officially declared them at war by sending military and troops to support rebels following Spanish fury (£100,000)

• TENSION AS

• through her support financially prolonged the Dutch Spanish war as cost Philipp more time and money

• But through the treaty at war so ting against one another but also showing threat as she involved herself in a war that was never directly against her or Ingo,fing her

• Which was due to troops being so close to England that she couldn’t ignore

SPANISH THREAT: PLOTS

• Spanish had majority involved self in the plots against Linz including ridolfi plot and babingtom plot with support from Phillip and Duke of Alba as was to raise army if 60000 men to overthrow Elizabeth which showed a threat as was Catholic and supported Mary which would have support from e blush catholics

• Causing tension as by involving self in plots showed they was directly attempting to remove Elizabeth from power and supporting English revolts aswell as supporting Mary who was the only one who had a actual claim to throne