The SciRev

More new troops

New world could mean…

Scientific Method

Experimentation + observation (using evidence to get reasoning)

Heliocentric Theory

Sun is the center of the universe

Copernicus (1530’s)

First to prove heliocentric theory

Kepler (1600)

Proves heliocentric theory by using math

Galileo (1615ish)

All objects fall at the same speed

Sir Isaac Newton (1680’s)

Pinnacle of scientific revolution

Enlightenment

Use of reason in politics + society

Social Contract

Agreement between governed and governing (rights for protection)

Deism

Belief in divine power with no organized religion

Philosophe

Enlightenment thinker

John Locke

Wrote about natural rights

Rousseau

Wrote about popular sovereignty

Voltaire

Wrote about freedom of speech and religious tolerance

Montesquieu

Wrote about separation of power

Beccaria

wrote about laws existed to preserve order

Mary Wollstonecraft

Believed that women should get education to have the same opportunities as men

Printing Press

Helped spread the Enlightenment

Salons

Rich people’s houses where you could share ideas free from censorship

Coffeehouses

Publications (place people could share ideas (lower classes))

Enlightened Despotism

Negative term for monarch

AmRev’s relevance in World History

First time enlightenment ideas are put into action

Bourgeoisie

Middle Class

Tennis Court Oath

New enlightened constitution

Storming of Bastille

Symbolic start of revolution

The Guillotine

Main death penalty that treated everyone equally

Directory

Very conservative government

Coup d’etat

Military takes over

Peninsular War

A guerrilla war against Napolean’s rule

Balance of Power

No “one” power is strong enough to dominate the rest

Legitimacy

Old rulers/monarchs back in place