BIG DADDY STUDY FOR APUSH

Square Deal

• 1901-1908

• Conserve natural resources

• control corporations

• Consumer Protection

• Teddy Roosevelt (TR)

New Deal

• 1933-1945

• Context: Great Depression

• Relief, Recovery, Reform

• Programs, Projects, and regulations to combat Great Depression

Fair Deal

• 1945 - 1953

• Post WW2 / Cold War

• Truman

• “expand New Deal”

  • Progressive tax structure

  • Raise minimum wage

  • Repeal Taft Harley Act (restricted union)

  • National Medical insurance

  • Expand social security

  • Civil Rights for African American

  • Doesn't really work because of fear of communism

Monroe Doctrine

• 1823

• US to stay out of European affairs

• European aggression in Western Hemisphere will be seen as hostile act

Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine

• 1904 - 1905

• Continuation of Monroe Doctrine

• US could intervene if Latin America found themselves in trouble

Truman Doctrine

• 1947

• Center piece of Cold War foreign policy

• To send economic/military aid to Greece and Turkey to resist communism (Containment!)

Eisenhower Doctrine

• 1957

• During Cold War

• US pledged to help Middle Eastern nations to resist communism(Containment!)

Carter Doctrine

• 1980

• Continuation of containment

• US can use military force against any nation that tried to control the Persian Gulf

Reagan Doctrine

• 1981 - 1989

• Cold War attitude against USSR

• Destroy USSR without going to war

• It provided aid to anti-communist resistance movements

  • in Africa

  • Asia

  • Latin America

Bush Doctrine

• 2001 - 2009

• War on Terror / 9/11 attacks

• The belief that unilateralism (acting alone) and preemptive strikes were justified to protect American lives / interests

First Red Scare

• Throughout the 20s

• Anarchists blowing stuff up

• Ended when Nazis came into power

Woodrow Wilson

• Racist Republican

• Black people started voting Dem

Eisenhower

• Got elected with television

• Got elected based off military background

• Did NOT touch social security

• Supported Little Rock Nine

• Makes highway to transport military vehicles

• Republican

JFK

• Black people wanted him to end Jim Crow

• Ran on platform that segregation could not last

• New Frontier - facing social and economic reform

• Worked on wage gap between M and W

• Peace Corps

• Success - Cuban Missile Crisis

• Failure - Bay of Pigs

Jimmy Carter

• Stagflation

Second Red Scare

• late 40s to early 60s

• Black listing - identified as a communist

• HUAC

  • set up to investigate nazis

  • turned to investigate communists

Jacob Reese

• Muckracker

• Helped reform

• took pictures of scenes (like kids sleeping on streets) to get reform

Columbian Exchange

Transfer of crops, animals, diseases, and people between the Americans and Afro-Eurasia

Maize cultivation

Corn-based agriculture that allowed native societies to grow and form complex civilizations

Encomienda System

Spanish labor system exploiting Native Americans, shows coercion in early colonization

Bartolome de las Casas

Critic of Spanish abuses; sparked debates about Native rights

Polythiesm/Monothiesm

Belief in multiple gods vs belief in one god

Jamestown

First permanent English colony → cash-crop economy

House of Burgesses

First representative assembly; early example of self government

Mercantilism

Colonies exist to benefit the mother country economically

Salutary neglect

Britain loosely enforced laws → colonies developed independence

Triangular trade

Trade network linking Europe, Africa and the Americas

Enlightenment

Emphasis on reason and natural rights → influenced revolution

French and Indian War

War that put Britain in debt → led to taxing colonies

(1754-1763)

Proclamation of 1763

Limited westward expansion; angered colonist

Popular Sovereignty

Power comes from the people to vote on slavery

Articles of Confederation

Weak central government; couldnt tax or enforce laws

Shay’s Rebellion

• Showed need for stronger federal government

• uprising by debt-ridden farmers

Federalism

Power divided between national and state government **strong central gov*

Jeffersonian Democracy

His style favored agrarianism (farming, rural) and states rights

Marbury v Mardison

Established judicial review

Louisiana Purchase

Doubled US size; showed flexible interpretation of Constitution

Second Great Awakening

Religious revival → inspired reform movements

Manifest Destiny

Belief US expansion was justified and inevitable

Abolitionism

Movement to end slavery

Compromise of 1850

Tried to balance slave/free states; delayed conflict

• California free state

• Utah and New Mexico (popular sovereignty)

• Fugitive slave act

Kansas Nebraska act

Popular sovereignty → Bleeding Kansas

• After compromise of 1850

• Nullified Missouri Compromise

Dred Scott v Sandford

Declared Slaves not citizens; worsened sectional tensions

Emancipation Proclamation

Freed slaves in Confederate areas; changed purpose of the Civil War

13th amendment

Abolished slavery

14th amendment

Citizenship and equal protection

15th amendment

Voting rights for Black men

Gilded Age

Period of economic growth + inequality and corruption

Laissez-faire

Minimal government interference in business

Monopoly / Trusts

Businesses dominating industries (Rockefeller, Carnegie)

Labor unions

Organized workers fighting for better conditions

Urbanization

Growth of cities due to industrial jobs

Plessy v Ferguson

Jim Crow Laws

Imperialism

US expansion overseas (Philippines, Puerto Rico)

Spanish-American War

• US became a global power

• Imperialism

• Took Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines

Progressivism

Reform movement targeting corruption and inequality

WW1 (1914-1918)

• US enters due to Zimmerman telegram (intercepted communication from Germany proposing military alliance with Mexico)

• Allies vs. Central powers

• League of Nations

• 14 Points

Harlem Renaissance

African American cultural movement

Great Depression

Economic collapse in 1930s

New Deal

FDR programs expanding federal government role

Cold War

• Ideological conflict between US (capitalism) and USSR (communism)

• First world vs Second world

Containment

Policy to stop spread of communism

Marshall plan

Economic aid to rebuild Europe

Red Scare

Fear of communism → suppression of dissent

Great Society

LBJ programs addressing poverty and inequality

Vietnam War

Controversial war; weakened trust in government

Reaganomics

• Tax Cuts

• Trickle down

• Cut government spending

• Stop stagflation (from Jimmy Carter)

Globalization

Increased global economic and cultural connections

War on Terror

US response to 9/11 attacks

Patriot Act

Expanded government surveillance

Affordable Care Act

Expanded healthcare access

President during WW1

Woodrow Wilson

President during WW2

FDR/Truman

President during War of 1812

James Madison

President during Mexican-American war

James K. Polk

• Led US into war to secure Texas and manifest destiny

President during Civil War

Abe Lincoln

President during Spanish-American war

McKinley

1789 Election

• George Washington - no party

• The only unanimous election

• Washington as the savior of the Revolution

1800 Election

• Thomas Jefferson - Democratic Republican

• Aaron Burr - Democratic Republican

• John Adams - Federalist

• John Jay - Federalist

• Decided by the House of Representatives

• Peaceful transition of power between parties

1860 election

• Lincoln - Republican

• Douglas - Dem

• Breckenridge - Dem

• SPLIT THE PARTY - LINCOLN WON

• election was the final “sectional” trigger of the Civil War

1864 Election

• Lincoln - Republican

• George McClellan - Democrat

• Lincoln saw the war to an end and became an abolitionist

1876 Election

• Rutherford B. Hayes - Republican

• S. J. Tilden - Dem

• Compromise of 1877

  • Hayes won president, but had to take federal troops out of south

    • Reconstruction ended

  • Dems would establish local control over their affairs, including race relations

1912 Election

• TR - Progressive Party

• Taft - Republican

• E.V Debs - Socialist

• W. Wilson - Democrat

• Issues

  • Power of Big Business

  • Popular desire for government intervention

  • Desire for reform / regulation

1932 Election

• Hoover - Republican

• FDR - Democrat

• Great Depression

• FDR changed Presidency and relationship between fed gov and people

1980 Election

• Jimmy Carter - Dem

• Ronald Reagan - Republican

• Stagflation; hostages in Iran; energy issues; rise of new conservatism; power of the religious right

WW2

• Pearl Harbor

• Allies vs. Axis

• German + Japanese imperialism

• Outcomes:

  • Atomic Age

  • Cold War

  • United Nations

  • Civil Rights Movement

Vietnam War

• Containment

• South Vietnam under threat

• US LOST

Counterculture

• Hippies

• Anti-War

• Anti societal expectations

• Pro civil rights

• anti materialism

• free love

• anti poverty

• social activism

2nd Red Scare

• McCarthy (or however you spell)