Understanding Teratogens

These flashcards cover key concepts related to teratogens, including their definitions, examples, effects, and importance for pregnant individuals.

Teratogen

An agent that disrupts a baby's development when a person is exposed to it during pregnancy.

Examples of Teratogens

Known teratogens include alcohol, smoking, toxic chemicals, radiation, viruses, certain maternal health conditions, and some prescription drugs.

Factors Affecting Teratogen Harmfulness

The type, amount, duration, time of exposure, and genetic influences can determine how harmful a teratogen is.

Type of Teratogens

Certain teratogens like alcohol and smoking have a more harmful impact on a developing fetus than others.

Amount of Exposure

The amount of harm to a fetus increases with greater consumption or exposure to a teratogen.

Duration of Exposure

The longer a fetus is exposed to a teratogen, the more dangerous the effects become.

Time of Exposure

Teratogens are most harmful early in pregnancy, particularly 10 to 14 days after conception through eight weeks.

Genetics and Teratogens

A pregnant person's and baby's genetics can protect them or make them more vulnerable to teratogens.

Importance of Knowing Teratogens

All parents should be aware of teratogens and how to avoid them to prevent harm throughout pregnancy.

Risks Associated with Teratogens

Smoking, drinking alcohol, or exposure to radiation and toxic chemicals can increase risks of miscarriage and premature birth.

Birth Defects and Teratogens

Four to five percent of birth defects, such as spina bifida and cleft palate, are caused by teratogens.

Cognitive Development Issues

Babies born to parents who consume alcohol or have certain health conditions may have lower IQ scores.