WGU D337 IoT and Infrastructure PA latest updated questions with 100% correct answers 2026 release

Which building block of the IoT architecture is responsible for collecting raw data generated by the monitored entity?

A. Actuator

B. Gateway

C. Processor

D. Sensor

D. Sensor

Which building block is used to move collected IoT data to the central IoT platform?

A. Edge compute

B. Application

C. Gateway

D. Smart device

C. Gateway

What is the function of soil moisture sensors in a smart agriculture ecosystem?

A. Capturing soil moisture metrics

B. Processing soil moisture metrics

C. Activating sprinklers based on low-soil-moisture metrics

D. Transmitting soil moisture metrics to a central network

A. Capturing soil moisture metrics

Which computation method processes data captured at the sensor device before sending it to a backhaul network?

A. Data analytics

B. Data access

C. Cloud computing

D. Edge computing

D. Edge computing

What moves data from IoT sensor devices to a central network?

A. Gateway

B. Actuator

C. Application server

D. Proxy server

A. Gateway

Which two processor architectures are used by Customer Premises Edge Compute (C-PEC) devices?

Choose 2 answers.

A. x86

B. MIPS

C. ARM

D. Itanium

A. x86

C. ARM

Which module in the edge computing framework is used to store IoT data received from sensors or from the cloud?

A. Protocol adapter

B. Information broker

C. Rules engine

D. Case specific

B. Information broker

What is the function of the customer edge device in the four-node edge computing model?

A. Provides limited local storage and processing capabilities

B. Performs data aggregation and reduces transmission costs

C. Performs measurements and provides telemetry

D. Provides powerful storage and processing capabilities

A. Provides limited local storage and processing capabilities

Which feature characterizes a wireless local area network (WLAN) in an IoT architecture?

A. Limit of battery life of one year

B. Limit of data rate of 1 KB

C. Support for FireWire protocol

D. Support for line-of-sight communication

D. Support for line-of-sight communication

What is the result of switching from the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) frequency above 1 GHz to the ISM frequency below 1 GHz?

A. Lower cost

B. Longer range

C. Higher data rate

D. Shorter battery life

B. Longer range

What is a short-range network technology that supports meshing?

A. Zigbee

B. Bluetooth

C. Sigfox

D. Weightless

A. Zigbee

Which two components provide the connectivity for an IoT architecture? Choose 2 answers.

A. Access network

B. Gateway

C. Sensor

D. Edge device

A. Access network

B. Gateway

A university is testing a smart energy solution and requires a system to monitor the following parameters of power used by its buildings:

voltage phase

apparent power

power factor

frequency

Which device should be used to perform these readings?

A. Intelligent energy device (IED)

B. Smart meter (SM)

C. Power measurement and control (PMC)

D. Phasor measurement unit (PMU)

C. Power measurement and control (PMC)

A city plans for an Intelligent Transport System (ITS) that monitors public transport locations, as well as accidents and congestions, to control traffic lights effectively. Which two items should be used to gather information for the system?

Choose 2 answers.

A. GPS devices

B. Smart CCTV cameras

C. Smart meters

D. Intraocular devices

A. GPS devices

B. Smart CCTV cameras

A university is deploying a smart energy solution to its student dormitories and needs to collect power usage data for billing purposes.

Which device should this university use?

A. Power measurement and control (PMC)

B. Smart meter (SM)

C. Intelligent energy device (IED)

D. Phasor measurement unit (PMU)

B. Smart meter (SM)

Which IoT device can improve emergency responses by monitoring a user's activities at home?

A. Camera

B. Companion robot

C. Air tag

D. Compressor

B. Companion robot

Which IoT device is used in a smart building to determine when rooms are in use?

A. Humidity device

B. Thermo device

C. Smart speaker

D. Smart light

D. Smart light

An electric utility company needs to increase the speed of the collection and improve the accuracy of the information it manually collects from its meters. The meters are located in the back of residential dwellings.

Which solution meets both requirements?

A. Move meters to the front of every building

B. Have another person verify the data from the meters

C. Install a sensor on meters that can transmit data to a receiver

D. Change the analog meters to a digital display

C. Install a sensor on meters that can transmit data to a receiver

A company plans to adopt IoT into its business operations and then go public. The company is concerned about the financial and reputational impact of increasing the volume of personally identifiable information (PII) that might inadvertently be exposed, which would affect the value of its stock.

Which two considerations should be addressed as part of the adoption strategy? Choose 2 answers.

A. Governance

B. Privacy

C. Security

D. Standardization

B. Privacy

C. Security

Which type of IoT detection sensor built into electric bulbs minimizes energy usage?

A. Humidity

B. Light

C. Vibration

D. Motion

D. Motion

Which task does an information consumer perform within an IoT ecosystem?

A. Collects data from their sensors and shares it based on terms and conditions

B. Builds applications that use data from various sources after obtaining consent

C. Identifies risks by communicating with the data owner for risk management

D. Maintains backups of the data collected from the sensors for disaster recovery

B. Builds applications that use data from various sources after obtaining consent

How does the processing of IoT data in the cloud change when transitioning from the Lambda architecture to Kappa architecture?

A. The batch layer is removed.

B. The streaming layer is removed.

C. The batch layer replaces the serving layer.

D. The streaming layer replaces the serving layer.

A. The batch layer is removed.

Which component in the Lambda architecture acts as the streaming layer in a streaming processing system?

A. Real-time engine

B. Batch engine

C. Serving back-end

D. Data storage

A. Real-time engine

Which two technology areas affect the networking requirements within the customer IoT landscape?

Choose 2 answers.

A. Smart roads

B. Smart home

C. Sonography

D. Wearables

B. Smart home

D. Wearables

What enables IoT devices to be infected by the Mirai malware?

A. Default passwords

B. Plaintext communication

C. Stolen certificates

D. Cloud storage

A. Default passwords

Which two stakeholder groups contribute to addressing the challenges of IoT security? Choose 2 answers.

A. Governments

B. Universities

C. Standards development bodies

D. Law enforcement organizations

A. Governments

C. Standards development bodies

Which vulnerability do IoT botnets target on IoT devices by applying data found on the internet?

A. Unencrypted communications

B. Default credentials

C. Cleartext passwords

D. Exposed sensors

B. Default credentials

Which two issues can result from global deployment of insecurely configured IoT devices? Choose 2 answers.

A. Devices are compromised to provide fake data

B. Device hardware is attacked until destroyed

C. Devices are compromised to form botnets

D. Device software is built into a sandbox environment

A. Devices are compromised to provide fake data

C. Devices are compromised to form botnets

Which type of malware creates a network of remotely controlled IoT devices unknown to the owners?

A. Macro

B. Cross-site scripting

C. Embedded software exploitation

D. Botnet

D. Botnet

A company develops a small tracker to be used in parcels to track progress via Global Positioning System (GPS). Testing reveals that the tracker has a Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) port on the circuit board that can be used to overwrite the firmware on the tracker and provide false location data.

Which two Internet of Things Security Foundation (IoTSF) Best Practice Guidelines (BPGs) should this company follow in its design process to ensure security from these forms of attack?

Choose 2 answers.

A. Device secure boot

B. Credential management

C. Physical security

D. Application security

A. Device secure boot

C. Physical security

A company developed an IoT smart photo frame that allows users to upload photos to their device using a web browser. Testing revealed that users can upload files onto the root filesystem.

Which Internet of Things Security Foundation (IoTSF) Best Practice Guideline (BPG) should this company follow in its design process to ensure filesystem permissions are set correctly?

A. Device secure boot

B. Physical security

C. Secure operating system

D. Application security

C. Secure operating system

A company develops an IoT-based security system. The system uses proximity sensors that communicate with a central gateway using a 433 MHZ radio signal. Testing reveals that the traffic can be sniffed with a software-defined radio, and an attacker could spoof the proximity sensor by copying the authentication details from the radio traffic.

Which Internet of Things Security Foundation (IoTSF) Best Practice Guideline (BPG) should this company follow in its design process to ensure the security of the radio data?

A. Device secure boot

B. Physical security

C. Network connections

D. Application security

C. Network connections

A company hosts a database in a public cloud. Multiple IoT devices are compromised and used to generate a high volume of requests targeting the database to affect its availability. Which type of attack is this?

A. Cross-site scripting

B. Distributed denial of service (DDoS)

C. Spear phishing

D. Structured Query Language (SQL) injection

B. Distributed denial of service (DDoS)

A company uses IoT devices to capture data in the field and transmit it for central processing. The company plans to follow the Internet of Things Security Foundation's (IoTSF) Best Practice Guidelines (BPGs) to ensure that personal data is protected.

Which IoTSF guideline should this company use?

A. Device secure boot

B. Physical security

C. Securing software updates

D. Application security

D. Application security

Malware has infected several IoT devices in a company. These devices were using default configurations.

What should the company do to prevent the malware from being installed?

A. Alter the port the devices use to communicate

B. Scan for unusual packets being sent to the devices

C. Change the devices' usernames and passwords

D. Install a firewall limiting communication to the devices

C. Change the devices' usernames and passwords

A company is developing a smart speaker. The company wants to review industry standards on device boot and operating system security to improve security in its devices. Which two resources should this company evaluate?

Choose 2 answers.

A. Code of Practice

B. Best Practice Guidelines

C. Human-in-the-loop

D. Internet of Bodies

A. Code of Practice

B. Best Practice Guidelines

What does blockchain implement to ensure reliable data are returned when there are multiple sensors measuring the same data?

A. Mega-merger method

B. Agreed consensus mechanism

C. Shared storage quorum

D. Byzantine Paxos algorithm

B. Agreed consensus mechanism

What is the purpose of the consensus mechanism enabled through blockchain when collecting the same signals from multiple IoT sensors?

A. Ensuring that data from each sensor is treated equally

B. Providing a single version of the truth across all sensor data

C. Identifying a single sensor with the most accurate data

D. Verifying data from sensors by a central authority

B. Providing a single version of the truth across all sensor data

Which blockchain feature in an IoT application ensures that a transaction is tamper-proof once it is validated?

A. Decentralization

B. Immutability

C. Auditability

D. Resilience

B. Immutability

Which ethical issue do customers encounter when using social media platforms from their wearable IoT devices to update people about activities?

A. Utilizing freedom of expression at the expense of their privacy

B. Determining who can purchase their demographic information

C. Ensuring personally identifiable information being stored is secure

D. Making sure information is not saved locally in plain text

A. Utilizing freedom of expression at the expense of their privacy

A manufacturer of proprietary IoT technology is trying to pressure a company into using its technology.

What is the manufacturer infringing on?

A. Fifth Amendment

B. Deidentification

C. Decisional privacy

D. Safe harbor

C. Decisional privacy

A company requires customers to provide personally identifiable information (PII) when registering an IoT device. The company sells the information. A business school has argued that only people should be able to sell their information and not the IoT company.

Which principle does this argument support?

A. Integrity must remain a high priority.

B. Confidentiality of all data is mandatory.

C. Privacy is a fundamental human right.

D. Availability is essential for data transfer.

C. Privacy is a fundamental human right.

What are two categories of ethical concern when collecting data through IoT?

Choose 2 answers.

A. Accessing and using data

B. Building applications to store data

C. Control and property rights of data

D. Diagnostics of data quality

A. Accessing and using data

C. Control and property rights of data

A company is developing a garage door sensor that stores data defining when the owner is home or away and when the garage door is open or closed. The company needs to ensure the data is stored in a secure manner.

What should this company be concerned about regarding the storage of user information?

A. Mishandling stored user information will lead to privacy issues.

B. Securing stored user information will affect the garage door sensor's functionality.

C. Connecting the garage door sensor to private networks will affect stored data.

D. Caching garage door sensor data at the edge will lead to governance issues.

A. Mishandling stored user information will lead to privacy issues.

Which body in the U.S. is responsible for leveling penalties against companies whose cybersecurity is below standard?

A. Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

B. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

C. Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

D. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

C. Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Which framework prohibits countries from knowingly allowing IoT infrastructure under their control to be used for wrongful acts against other countries?

A. EU Network and Information Security Directive

B. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

C. G7 Declaration on Responsible States Behavior in Cyberspace

D. Fair Information Practice Principles (FIPP)

C. G7 Declaration on Responsible States Behavior in Cyberspace

Which framework identifies factors influencing investments?

A. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Privacy Framework

B. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework

C. Software Alliance Framework for Security Software (SAFSS)

D. Regulators, Facilitators, and Collaborators (RFC) Framework

D. Regulators, Facilitators, and Collaborators (RFC) Framework

Which agency publishes the Cybersecurity Framework (CSF)?

A. Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

B. Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

C. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

D. American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

C. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

A company is developing a self-driving car with IoT technology that will generate up to 6 GB of data per second.

Which component will analyze the data?

A. Centralized server

B. Edge computing

C. Peer-to-peer network

D. Meshed network

B. Edge computing

Which two reductions will occur when autonomous vehicle (AV) usage is widespread? Choose 2 answers.

A. Car prices

B. Congestion

C. Car ownership

D. Emissions

B. Congestion

D. Emissions

How are IoT devices used by the Chinese government to measure its citizens' social credit score?

A. By identifying the brand of products purchased at the market and online

B. By tracking compliance with prescribed social and economic obligations

C. By calculating the personal time taken off from work activities

D. By verifying the number of family members living in a residence

B. By tracking compliance with prescribed social and economic obligations

A hospital unit takes care of high-risk patients who require constant monitoring through IoT devices.

Which condition identifies an actual emergency?

A. True positives

B. True negatives

C. False positives

D. False negatives

A. True positives

A hospital uses legacy sensors to collect patients' data in its intensive care unit (ICU). The hospital deploys a network data aggregator in accordance with the principles of the openEHR (electronic health record) model.

What is the primary implication of this approach?

A. Eliminates the need to tamper with ICU sensors

B. Introduces the need to tamper with ICU sensors

C. Provides automatic access of patients' data to researchers

D. Transitions ownership of patients' data to researchers

A. Eliminates the need to tamper with ICU sensors

A hospital plans to send data from intensive care unit (ICU) sensors to a central recording system. The data should be captured in transit for analysis in a database.

Which component of the system should be used to capture the data?

A. Data agent

B. Data handling unit

C. Network data aggregator

D. Central data store

C. Network data aggregator

A power company integrates 5G in its advanced metering infrastructure as a service (AMIaaS) architecture. The company needs a virtual network function that provides digital ledger functionality.

What should this company use?

A. Virtual mobility management entity (vMME)

B. Virtual authentication, authorization, and accounting (vAAA)

C. Virtual machine cloud machine (vMCM)

D. Virtual blockchain processing (vBCP)

D. Virtual blockchain processing (vBCP)

A utility company is planning to implement an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) to transform its legacy network into a smart network.

What is reduced by making this transformation?

A. Capital expenditure

B. Customer turnover

C. Operational costs

D. Power outages

C. Operational costs

A company implements an IoT 5G smart grid to improve resiliency within its power grid. The company installs the virtual machine cloud machine (vMCM) function.

Why is the vMCM function installed?

A. To monitor devices and cache information about daily consumption

B. To validate device identity to the gateway without mining operations

C. To verify the identity of a device with the OAuth2.0 service

D. To locate devices that provide a specific utility with OpenId Connect

A. To monitor devices and cache information about daily consumption

A company is evaluating how to reduce air pollution in places that lack IoT sensors. Which two technologies can be used?

Choose 2 answers.

A. Gateway device

B. Access network

C. Machine learning

D. Artificial intelligence

C. Machine learning

D. Artificial intelligence

A city is evaluating the World Bank's Sustainable Mobility for All (SuM4All) initiative in the development of a road traffic congestion solution.

What are two objectives of the SuM4All initiative? Choose 2 answers.

A. Security

B. Safety

C. Efficiency

D. Deployment

B. Safety

C. Efficiency

Sensors with computer vision intelligence are embedded in a city's access road surfaces and in CCTV systems to enable drivers to find available parking spaces.

Which objective of the World Bank's Sustainable Mobility for All (SuM4All) initiative is being addressed?

A. Efficiency

B. Green mobility

C. Safety

D. Universal access

A. Efficiency