TTMIK - Core Grammar Level 1

안녕하세요

Hello

안녕

Peace

하세요

Please do / Do you do?

감사합니다

Thank you

감사

Gratitude

합니다

I do

네

Yes / That’s right

아니요

No / I don’t agree / That’s not right

안 좋아해요

I don’t like it

좋아해요

I like it

네?

Pardon? / What did you say? / Really?

맞아요

That’s correct / You’re right

안녕히 계세요

Stay in peace / Goodbye (when you’re leaving)

안녕히

In peace / peacefully / safe

계세요

Stay

안녕히 가세요

Go in peace / Goodbye (when you’re staying)

가세요

Please go

죄송합니다

I’m sorry

죄송

Apology

저기요

Excuse me

잠시만요

Just a second (formal)

잠깐만요

Just a second (casual)

When you want to say “A is B” or “I am ...”

이에요 (after consonant) 예요 (after vowel)

사무실(이에요)

Office (I’m at the office / It’s an office)

물(이에요)

Water (It’s water)

가방(이에요)

Bag (It’s a bag)

학교(예요)

School (It’s a school / I’m at school)

커피(예요)

Coffee (It’s coffee)

물이에요?

Is it water?

책

Book

이거 (이것)

This one(This one spoken form)

이

This

것

Thing

카메라

Camera

사전

Dictionary

뭐

What

When you want to say “This is [noun]”:

이거 this, this one 이 + 것 = 이것 → 이거 (spoken form)

이거 책이에요

This is a book

이거 카메라예요

This is a camera

To ask “What is this?”

이거 뭐예요?

To ask “Is this [noun]?”, raise your tone

이거 커피예요?

이

this (near the speaker)

그

that (near the listener)

저

that (far from both)

이 책

this book

그 사람

that person

저 카메라

that camera over there

이것 (거)

this thing

그것 (거)

that thing

저것 (거)

that thing over there

사람

Person

이 사람

This person

그 사람

That person

저 사람

That person over there

이 책이에요

It’s this book

그 카메라예요

It’s that camera

그거 뭐예요?

What is that?

이거 카메라예요

This is a camera

그거 책이에요

That is a book

저 사람이에요

It’s that person over there

이 카메라 뭐예요?

What is this camera?

아니다

to not be (dictionary form)

아니에요

it is not (present tense, polite form)

저 아니에요

It is not me

우유

Milk

우유 아니에요

It is not milk

호랑이

Tiger

고양이

Cat

학생

Student

저

Me

이거 우유 아니에요

This is not milk

저 학생 아니에요

I am not a student

그거 고양이 아니에요

That is not a cat

그거 호랑이 아니에요

That is not a tiger

Topic markers show what the speaker is talking about

은 after consonant 는 after vowel

이것은(이거는, 이건)

As for this(Spoken, Casual)

저는

As for me

저는 학생이에요

I am a student

이것이

This is… (Written)

이게

This is… (Spoken)

저는 학생이에요

I am a student

제가 학생이에요

I am a student. (answering “Who is a student?”)

이것은 가방이에요

Good when introducing or describing something.

이거는 가방이에요

Spoken version of 이것은

이건 가방이에요

Casual version of 이것은

이것이 가방이에요

Answering a question

이게 가방이에요

Spoken version of 이것이

있어요

There is

있다

To exist / to have

없어요

There is not

없다

To not exist / to not have

친구

Friend

시간

Time

재미

Fun

재미있어요

It’s fun / it’s interesting

물 있어요

There is water. / I have water.

물 있어요?

Do you have water?

친구 있어요

I have a friend

친구 있어요?

Do you have friends?

시간 있어요

I have time