unit 3 - internationalism

what does the UN logo show?

the “olive branches of peace”

who named the united nations

Roosevelt named it and it was named to describe the Allied powers that fough in WW2

how many countries formulated the UN

51 in 1945

when did the UN get officially get #released

1945

the UN is headquartered in

New York

the aims of UN:

• to keep peace (collective security)

• to develop friendly relations between nations

• to stop environmental destruction and to encourage respect for each other’s rights

• to be a centre for helping nations achieve these goals

• to work towards a better wellbeing

• to eliminate illiteracy, poverty, and disease

Principles of the United Nations

• all members of the state have sovereign equality (equality between all members)

• all members must obey the charter

• countries must settle disputes peacefully

• countries must avoid using force/threatening to use force

• the UN cannot interere in the domestic affairs of any countries

• countries should try to assist the UN

General assembly (UN)

a global forum to debate international issues such as peace, security, human rights, and development.

the Security Council (UN)

concerned with the collective security of their members

Economic and Social Council (UN)

discusses international environmental, social, and economic issues and helps discuss policies.

International Court of Justice (UN)

to settle legal disputes sent in

trustee council

helped nations determine and self determinance

the secretariat (UN)

carries out the day-to-day work of the United Nations and helps implement the decisions made by its other organs.

UN membership

• UN is open to all peace-loving nations

• currently 193 member nations in there… wow!

hegemonic internationalism

hegemonic - dominance of 1 nation state over the other. It controls parts of it. The countries controlling others have more powers than those that are under the control of that one nation

revolutionary internationalism

conflicts within a society that change the international factors + alliances

liberal internationalism

through greater co-operation, nations/nation states can achieve prosperit and peace

foreign policies: unilaterism

one nation acts on its own

foreign policies: isolationalism

staying out of worl affairs

foreign policies: bilateralism

agreement between 2 countries

foreign policies: multilateralism

agreemebt between many countries which act as one

goals of foreign policies:

• peace + security

• humanitarianism/social justice

• economic stability ($ for civilians)

• self determination/soverieignety

• safe environment

• quality of life

factors that influence foreign policies

• geography

• ideology (fascism, communism, liberalism)

• past experiences

• personal view of leadership

• policies of other nations

• relative degree of power

• public opinion

supranationalism

nations agreeing to go along w/ decisions made by an international orgajization

supranationalism example

surrender of a degree of sovereignty to follow an international organization. EXAMPLE: E.U.

IGO’s

intergovernmental organizations - government is involved

NGO’s

non-governmental organization (citizen led).

foreign aid percent

less than 1%

supranational organizations

member nations appoint a representative that makes decisions that members agree and abide by

peace and security

nato/norad/un

economic stability

CUSMA, trade agreemetnts, trade blocs

humanitarianism/social justice

international aid, social and economic assistance

self determination

sovreignety - protecting borders, maintaining/achieving autonomy and becoming autonomous.

safet environment

sustainability, wildlife, nature, atmosphere

quality of life

cultural, scientific knowledge pursuits

NORAD

north american aerospace defence command - for continental defence and protects domestic air space

NATO

north atlantic treaty organization

• defence of north america and west europe from communism

• military alliance that often works alongside UN’s forces, or takes action when the UN does not.

tied aid

countries place conditions on the assistance they give

economic sanctions

political action a country takes to hurt another country’s economy by cutting off supplies of goods and access to markets

brexit

the UK’s exit from the European Union