Pediatric Integumentary Disorders Flashcards

Vocabulary terms covering pediatric skin conditions, bacterial/viral/fungal infections, and burn classifications based on lecture notes.

Impetigo

A skin infection caused by beta-hemolytic streptococci or staphylococci, characterized by lesions surrounded by edema and redness that turn into crusts after clear fluid becomes cloudy and ruptures.

Cellulitis

Inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissues with intense redness, swelling, abscess formation, and fever; managed with oral or parenteral antibiotics and rest.

Molluscum contagiosum

A viral skin infection characterized by painless, flesh-colored papules.

Varicella-zoster

A herpes virus causing itchy, fluid-filled blisters and systemic illness.

Tinea capitis

A ringworm infection that takes a round shape on the scalp, invading the stratum corneum, hair, and nails.

Tinea corporis

A ringworm infection located on the body.

Tinea pedis

A ringworm infection located on the feet.

Scabies

An endemic infestation where a female mite burrows into the stratum corneum to deposit eggs and feces, causing intense itching and punctate excoriations.

Medication used for scabies

Permethrin $5\%$ cream is used to treat scabies infestations, typically applied $30-60$ days between the start of infection.

Pediculosis capitis

Head lice infestation where females lay eggs (nits) close to the skin on the hair shaft; nits appear as white flakes that do not come off easily.

Contact dermatitis

An inflammatory reaction of the skin to chemical substances that evoke a hypersensitive response, causing erythema and itching.

Diaper dermatitis

A skin irritation caused by prolonged and repetitive contact with an irritant, peaking at $9-12$ months of age; treated with zinc oxide or petrolatum.

Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

Chronic inflammatory skin disorders resulting in itching and lesions, managed with antihistamines, steroids, and emollient application after baths.

Acne

A condition caused by an increase in testosterone that leads to enlarged sebaceous glands or increased oil production.

What are common causes of pediatric burns

Flames, hot surfaces, hot liquids

How to determine the extent of injury with a burn

Total Body Surface Area burned

1st degree burn

A superficial burn where the skin blanches.

2nd degree burn

A partial thickness burn characterized by the presence of blisters.

3rd degree burn

A full thickness burn where thrombosed vessels are visible and color is variable.

4th degree burn

A severe burn that results in limited movement to the extremity.

What is the highest priority treatment for pediatric burns?

Fluid Replacement Therapy