wrist hand and finger pt 3

Wrist instabilities may result from a seemingly resloved prior trauma and from _____ leading to a chronic overuse injury

improper biomechanics

Systemic diseases such as ____ and _____ often affect the wrist and fingers before the other joints in then body

gout and rheumatoid arthiritis

The joints in the hand are often the first area affected by which diseases

peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and Raynaud's phenomenon

What may result in coolness and thickness in the hand

vascular insufficiencies

Chronic wrist pain is a common complaint among those with ______ and associated with neuropathies

diabetes

Fractures, dislocations, and tendon pathologies such as ______ may have a popping sound associated with a snapping sensation

trigger finger

Nagging wrist pain that does not decrease in severity may indicate a ____ fracture, a tear of the TFCC, or carpal instability.

scaphoid

Aching symptoms are often associated with

tendinopathies

The absence of the palmar arch may indicate an ____ of 1 or more finger flexors or atrophy of the hand's intrinsic muscles in the case of chronic injuries or prolonged nerve compression

avulsion

Volkmann's ischemic contracture

trauma to the structures that lie between the c spine and the wrist may have an abnormal posture

drop wrist deformity

inhibition of the radial nerve may cause paralysis of the wrist and finger extensors

Russels sign

abrasions, small cuts, or callosites over the dorsal surface of the MCP or IP joints and can be the outward signs of bullimia.

a depressed or shortened metatarsal head may indicate a _______

metacarpal fracture

Where are ganglion cysts commonly found?

the wrists

Ape hand

weakness and atrophy of the muscles of the thenar eminence result in overemphasis of the extensor muscles, which pull the thumb pararell with the fingers. Opposistion and flexion of the MCP and IP are weakened. median nerve neuropathy

Bishops deformity (benediction deformity)

weakness and atrophy of the hypothenar, interossei, and medial 2 lumbricals cause the medial fingers to assume a resting posture of flexion in the PIP and DIP joints. Extension of these joints are limited. ulnar nerve

claw hand

weakness and atrophy of the hand intrinsic muscles result in extension of the MCP joint and flexion of the PIP and DIP joints. ulnar and median nerve pathology

Dupuytren's contracture

involved fingers assumes excessiviely flexed resting position. Inability to passively or actively extend the MCP and PIP joints. affects the 4th and 5th fingers

Swan neck deformity

flexion of the MCP joint, hyperextension of the PIP joint, and flexion of the DIP joint. caused by volar plate injuries, finger flexor trauma or extensor, or rheumatoid arthritis

Volkman's Ischemic Contracture

flexion contraction of the wrist and fingers resulting in limited extension at these joints. A decrease in blood supply to then forearm muscles

felon

an infection or abscess at or distal to the DIP joints that is tender and warm and caused by lacerations and contusions and can be cured with antibiotics

paronychia

infection around the nail that results in redness, swelling, and possible drainage around the nail bed

Atrophy of the thenar eminence is associated with

the median nerve and carpal tunnel syndrome

jersey finger

FDP tendon avulsion or rupture that causes the inability to actively flex the DIP joint

Mallet finger

extensor digitorum avulsion or rupture that causes inability to actively extend the DIP, which assumes the posture of 25-35 degrees of flexion

Boutonniere deformity

Extensor digitorum tendon avulsion or rupture . Extension of the MCP and DIP joints and flexion of the PIP joint. The PIP joint can be passively extended i=

A total of ______ degrees of motion occurs in the saggital plane around a coronal (medial-lateral) axis

155 to 175

flexion degrees

80 to 90 degrees

extension ranges

75 to 85 degrees

ulnar deviation degrees

35 degrees

radial deviation degrees

20 degrees

clicking during ulnar deviation may indicate a tear of the ___

triangular fibrocartilage complex

abduction degrees

70 to 80 degrees

locking the finger during flexion can indicate

trigger finger

A maximum of _____degrees is allowed at the MCP joint

105 to 135