cellular respiration and energy metabolism

What are the processes of cellular respiration?

Glycolysis, Pyruvate Oxidation, Krebs Cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Transport Chain + Chemiosmosis).

What is cellular respiration?

process by which cells break down glucose to produce ATP

Where does cellular respiration take place and what is the equation?

Mitochondria and C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP (+heat)

What is glycolysis and where does it occur?

Glyco = glucose

lysis = break down

Glucose breaking down in the cytoplasm. It does not require oxygen, but does require 2 ATP. One glucose molecule is 6 carbons, which is split into two molecules called pyruvate. This process produces 2 ATP and 2 NADH.

How is ATP made from glycolysis?

Substrate level phosphorylation since there was a direct transfer of a phosphoryl group to ADP from another phosphorylated compound

What is the anaerobic respiration process?

When oxygen isn’t available after glycolysis, organisms will convert pyruvic acid to lactic aid as a form of energy. When the O2 is available, lactic acid will convert back to pyruvic acid.

What is the second process of cellular respiration?

Pyruvate oxidation which occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. It converts each pyruvate into acetyl CoA by removing one carbon as CO2 and transferring electrons to produce 1 NADH per pyruvate. This will produce 2 NADH, 2 Acetyl CoA, and 2 CO2 overall.

What is the third process of cellular respiration?

Krebs Cycle which occurs in the mitochondria. Oxygen is not required for this process. The Acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate (4 carbons) to form citrate (6 carbons). One ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2 is produced. In total, 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, and 4 CO2.

What is the last process of cellular respiration?

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs along the inner mitochondrial membrane. NADH and FADH2 donate their electrons to the electron transport chain. As electrons move through the chain, their energy is used to pump H+ ions from the mitrochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space building a proton gradient. These protons flow back into the matrix through ATP synthase, creating ATP production through chemiosmosis. At the end of the chain, oxygen is the final electron acceptor, combining electrons and H+ to form water. This creates the vast majority of ATP.

what is oxidation?

process of lossing electrons from a molecule

what is contained in the inner matrix of the mitochondrion?

enzymes of the citric acid cycle (Kreb’s cycle)