BSN 26, Respiratory, Cardiovascular, and Digestive System

Sinuses

Air-filled spaces in the bones of the face. ប្រហោងឆ្អឹងមុខ

Pharynx

The tube that connects the nose and mouth to the throat. បំពង់ក

Larynx

The part of the throat that contains the vocal cords for speaking. បំពង់សំឡេង

Epiglottis

A small flap of tissue that covers the windpipe when you swallow. សន្ទះបិទបំពង់សំឡេង

Trachea

The main tube that carries air to the lungs; the windpipe. បំពង់ខ្យល់

Bronchi

The two main tubes that branch off from the trachea into the lungs. ទងសួត

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen enters the blood. កូនថង់ខ្យល់

Lungs

The two organs in the chest used for breathing. សួត

Asthma

A condition that makes it hard to breathe because airways get narrow. ជំងឺហឺត

Tuberculosis

A serious infectious disease that usually attacks the lungs. ជំងឺរបេង

Mycobacterium

A type of germ (bacteria) that causes diseases like TB. មីកូបាក់តេរី

Tachypnea

Breathing that is much faster than normal. ដង្ហើមញាប់

Anoxia

A condition where there is no oxygen reaching the body's tissues. កង្វះអុកស៊ីសែនទាំងស្រុង

Cyanosis

A bluish color of the skin caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood. សម្បុរស្វាយ

Pertussis

A very contagious cough, also known as "whooping cough." ជំងឺក្អកមាន់

Antitussive

A type of medicine used to prevent or relieve coughing. ថ្នាំបំបាត់ក្អក

Wheezing

A whistling sound made while breathing. សំឡេងដកដង្ហើមគ្រតៗ

Phlegm

Thick liquid (mucus) made in the throat and lungs during a cold. ស្លេស្ម

Bronchoscopy

A procedure where a doctor looks inside the lungs with a tiny camera. ការឆ្លុះទងសួត

Laryngoscopy

An exam to look at the back of the throat and the voice box. ការឆ្លុះបំពង់សំឡេង

Spirometer

A machine used to measure how much air you can breathe in and out. ឧបករណ៍វាស់ចំណុះខ្យល់សួត

Pulmonary Function Tests

Tests that show how well your lungs are working. ការតេស្តមុខងារសួត

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS)

Surgery to clear the sinuses using a small camera. វះកាត់ឆ្អឹងច្រមុះតាមរយៈការឆ្លុះ

Laryngotomy

A surgical cut made into the larynx to help someone breathe. ការវះកាត់បើកបំពង់សំឡេង

Septoplasty

Surgery to fix a crooked wall inside the nose. ការវះកាត់កែតម្រូវឆ្អឹងខ្ចីច្រមុះ

Tracheostomy

An opening made in the neck to place a tube into the windpipe. ការវះកាត់ចោះបំពង់ខ្យល់

RT (Respiratory Therapist)

A healthcare worker who helps people with breathing problems. អ្នកឯកទេសព្យាបាលផ្លូវដង្ហើម

Acute

Something that starts suddenly and lasts a short time. ស្រួចស្រាវ, ធ្ងន់ធ្ងរ

Hyperbaric

Involving gas (like oxygen) at a pressure higher than normal. សម្ពាធខ្ពស់

Pneumonia

An infection that fills the lungs with fluid. ជំងឺរលាកសួត

Pulmonology

The branch of medicine that studies the lungs. រោគសួត

Pulmonologist

A doctor who treats lung diseases. គ្រូពេទ្យឯកទេសសួត

Otolaryngologist

An ENT doctor (Ear, Nose, and Throat specialist). គ្រូពេទ្យឯកទេសច្រមុះ ត្រចៀក និងបំពង់ក

Blood vessels

Small tubes that carry blood throughout the body. សរសៃឈាម

Arteries

Tubes that carry blood away from the heart to the body. សរសៃឈាមអាកទែ

Capillaries

Very tiny blood vessels where oxygen is traded for waste. សរសៃឈាមតូចៗ

Veins

Tubes that carry blood back to the heart. សរសៃឈាមវ៉ែន

Myocardial infarction

The medical name for a heart attack. ការគាំងបេះដូង

Cardiomegaly

A condition where the heart is larger than normal. បេះដូងរីក

Carditis

Inflammation (swelling) of the heart. ការរលាកបេះដូង

Cardiomyopathy

A disease of the heart muscle that makes it hard to pump blood. ជំងឺសាច់ដុំបេះដូង

Vasculitis

Swelling of the blood vessels. ការរលាកសរសៃឈាម

Arrhythmia

A condition where the heart beats too fast, too slow, or unevenly. ចង្វាក់បេះដូងមិនទៀងទាត់

Hemangioma

A non-cancerous growth made of extra blood vessels. ដុំសរសៃឈាម

Palpitation

A feeling that your heart is beating very fast or skipping a beat. ការញ័រដើមទ្រូង

Angiography

An X-ray test that uses special dye to look at blood vessels. ការថតឆ្លុះសរសៃឈាម

Cardiac catheterization

Putting a thin tube into the heart to check for problems. ការបូមសរសៃឈាមបេះដូង

Electrocardiogram

A test that records the electrical activity of the heart. ការវាស់ចង្វាក់បេះដូង (ECG)

Venography

An X-ray of the veins. ការថតឆ្លុះសរសៃឈាមវ៉ែន

Myocardium

The actual muscle of the heart. សាច់ដុំបេះដូង

Angioplasty

A procedure to open up blocked blood vessels. ការពង្រីកសរសៃឈាមបេះដូង

Atherectomy

A procedure to remove plaque (fat) from inside an artery. ការវះកាត់កោសខ្លាញ់ក្នុងសរសៃឈាម

Hypertension

High blood pressure. លើសឈាម

Atrial fibrillation

An irregular and often fast heart rhythm. ការញ័រថតបេះដូងខាងលើ

Defibrillator

A machine that gives an electric shock to restart the heart. ឧបករណ៍ឆក់បេះដូង

CABG

Surgery to bypass a blocked heart artery using another vessel. ការវះកាត់តសរសៃឈាមបេះដូង

Peripheral

Relating to the outer parts of the body, like arms and legs. គ្រឿងចុងកង (ផ្នែកខាងក្រៅ)

Thallium

A chemical used in medical tests to see how blood flows to the heart. ថលលីយ៉ូម

Plasminogen

A substance in the blood that helps dissolve blood clots. ផ្លាស្មីណូសែន

Ventricular

Relating to the bottom chambers of the heart. ថតបេះដូងខាងក្រោម

Hematologist

A doctor who studies and treats blood disorders. គ្រូពេទ្យឯកទេសឈាម

Vascular surgeon

A doctor who performs surgery on blood vessels. គ្រូពេទ្យវះកាត់សរសៃឈាម

Esophagus

The tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. បំពង់អាហារ

Intestine

The long tube that digests food after it leaves the stomach. ពោះវៀន

Gallbladder

A small organ that stores a liquid (bile) to help digest fat. ប្រមាត់

Pancreas

An organ that makes juice to digest food and controls sugar. លំពែង

Leukoplakia

White patches inside the mouth that can sometimes lead to cancer. បន្ទះសៗក្នុងមាត់

Lesion

A sore or an abnormal area on the skin or in the body. ដំបៅ ឬដុំសាច់

Stomatitis

Inflammation or sores inside the mouth. ការរលាកភ្នាសមាត់

Mucosa

The moist lining inside parts of the body like the mouth or nose. ភ្នាសរំអិល

Dysphagia

Difficulty or pain when swallowing food or liquids. ការពិបាកលេប

Gastroparesis

A condition where the stomach empties food too slowly. ក្រពះដើរយឺត

Motility

The ability of the digestive system to move food through. ចលនារបស់សរីរាង្គរំលាយអាហារ

Diverticulitis

Infection or swelling of small pouches in the colon. ការរលាកថង់ពោះវៀន

Hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver, often caused by a virus. ជំងឺរលាកថ្លើម

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder. ការរលាកប្រមាត់

Abdominal ascites

A buildup of fluid in the belly area. ទឹកដក់ក្នុងស្រោមពោះ

Cholangiography

An X-ray of the tubes that carry bile. ការថតឆ្លុះផ្លូវទឹកប្រមាត់

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

A test to look at the esophagus, stomach, and start of the intestine. ការឆ្លុះក្រពះ និងពោះវៀន

Colonoscopy

A test to look inside the large intestine (colon). ការឆ្លុះពោះវៀនធំ

Maxillofacial surgery

Surgery on the face, jaw, and mouth. ការវះកាត់មុខ មាត់ និងឆ្អឹងថ្គាម

Gastrostomy tube

A feeding tube placed directly into the stomach. បំពង់បញ្ចូលអាហារតាមក្រពះ

Diverticulectomy

Surgery to remove an abnormal pouch (diverticulum) in the gut. ការវះកាត់កាត់ថង់ពោះវៀន

Gastroenterologist

A doctor who treats stomach and intestinal problems. គ្រូពេទ្យឯកទេសក្រពះពោះវៀន

Proctologist

A doctor who treats disorders of the rectum and anus. គ្រូពេទ្យឯកទេសរន្ធគូថ និងពោះវៀនធំ

Orthodontist

A special dentist who fixes crooked teeth or jaws. គ្រូពេទ្យតម្រង់ធ្មេញ