World History AB - Trading Empires M2

Analects:

A series about Confucianism written by Confucius’ students.

Assembly:

A ruling group of common people in Ancient Rome.

Confucianism: x

Two individuals chosen annually by the Assembly and Senate who led Rome during its republican period.

Consuls:

Two individuals chosen annually by the Assembly and Senate who led Rome during its republican period.

Crucifixion:x

A religion/philosophy that shunned rigid rites and social hierarchies in favor of doing nothing and accepting the world as it is.

Daoism:

A religion/philosophy that shunned rigid rites and social hierarchies in favor of doing nothing and accepting the world as it is.

Democracy: x

A period of artistic, technological, scientific, and intellectual advancement.

Golden Age:

A period of artistic, technological, scientific, and intellectual advancement.

Hellenism:

A blend of Greek, Egyptian, Persian, and Indian cultures that spread due to Alexander the Great’s conquests.

Inoculation:

An early method of preventing major harm from disease by giving the patient a weaker (dead) strand of the disease before they are exposed to the active disease. In ancient India, they would give a person crushed smallpox scabs so that they wouldn’t catch smallpox and die.

Legalism:

A philosophy that states people naturally tended towards evil and needed a strict, authoritarian leader to control their behavior.

Messiah:

A savior.

Monarchy:

Rule by a law-bound individual. (The suffix archcy = rule; mono = one. Monarchy = one person rules.)

Oligarchy:

Rule by a small group of elites. (The suffix archcy = rule; oligoi = few. Oligarchy = a few (select) people rule.)

Pax Romana:

A period of peace in the Roman empire.

Pax Sinica:

A period of peace in China during the Han Dynasty.

Philosophy:

The study of knowledge. (Phil- = love; soph- = wisdom; so philosophy is literally "the love of wisdom".)

Polis:

A Greek city-state.

Republic:

A government led by elected representatives.

Senate:

A ruling group of aristocrats in ancient Rome.

Silk Road:

An interconnected overland trade network that stretched from China to the Roman empire.

Southern Indian Ocean-Irading Network:

A sea-bound trade network that stretched from China to Africa and the Middle East.

Sovereignty:

The right for an area to be ruled by its people.

Twelve Tables of Rome:

A series of easily understood Roman laws.

Tyranny:

Absolute rule by an individual.

Xiongnu:

Nomadic invaders from north of China, sometimes called the Huns.

Warring States Period:

A 200-year period characterized by war between Chinese states that led to government reform