Year 9 Geography Mock Test Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms from the Year 9 Geography Mock Test, including river processes, development indicators, globalisation, and water scarcity.

Hydraulic Action

The force of water breaking rock away.

Abrasion

Rocks scraping against the river bed.

Traction

A river transportation process involving large rocks rolling along the river bed.

Solution

A river transportation process where rocks dissolve in water.

Deposition

Material being dropped by the river, which occurs when a river loses energy.

HDI (Human Development Index)

A development indicator used to measure development by combining health, education, and income.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Limitation

A measurement of development that ignores inequality within a country.

Globalisation

The process of increasing connections between countries.

Conservative Plate Boundary

A plate boundary that mainly causes earthquakes but not volcanoes.

Physical Cause of Water Scarcity

Low rainfall or a climate like a hot desert with very little natural freshwater.

Monsoon

Seasonal rainfall.

Impermeable Surfaces

Materials like concrete and roads that do not allow water to soak into the ground, increasing surface runoff.

One-child Policy

A policy in China that reduced population growth and pressure on resources, but caused an ageing population.

Desalination

The process of removing salt from seawater to make it safe to use, often used in countries like Qatar.

Transnational Corporations (TNCs)

Companies that can benefit developing countries by creating jobs but may pay low wages or send profits back to their home country.

Plunge Pool

A feature that forms at the base of a waterfall.

Gorge

A feature left behind when a waterfall retreats upstream over time.

Waterfall Formation

A process where hard rock lies over soft rock; the soft rock erodes faster, creating a step and eventually undercutting the hard rock until it collapses.

Urbanisation (Flooding)

A human cause of flooding where the creation of impermeable surfaces increases surface runoff into rivers.

Qatar Water Scarcity

A named area that suffers from water scarcity due to a hot desert climate, low rainfall, and high demand from population growth.