Ecology Test 2

7th Grade

What makes oxygen and why is it important to animals?

Plants and phytoplankton perform photosynthesis, converting sunlight into energy and producing oxygen as a byproduct. Oxygen is essential for aerobic respiration in animals, allowing them to release energy from food.

Why do plants need carbon dioxide to make energy?

Plants take in Co2 through leaves and water through roots, they do photosynthesis and turn it into sugar and 1 extra H2o

What does cellular respiration require?

Oxygen

How does oxygen cycle through plants and animals?

Animals use oxygen produced by plants, plants use carbon dioxide produced by animals.

Why is glucose important in plants and animals?

It provides energy.

What drives the water cycle?

The sun

What is the process of water changing into water vapor called?

Evaporation

What is runoff

Is water that flows on Earth’s surface from high elevation to low elevation.

Whats the difference between infiltration and absorption?

infiltration (water entering the ground) and absorption (plants taking in water through roots).

Whats the correct order of collection, precipitation, condensation, and evaporation in the water cycle?

Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection

What is carbon found as in the atmosphere

Carbon Dioxide ( Carbon mixes with Oxygen)

What is a organic compound made of?

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Where are organic compounds found?

In all living things.

How are Hydrocarbons made?

Carbon combines with hydrogen (fossil fuels are Hydrocarbons)

How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration move carbon through the environment?

Photosynthesis absorbs carbon dioxide from the air, allowing plants to produce oxygen and glucose. When animals eat plants, they obtain the glucose and use cellular respiration, which releases carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere, continuing the carbon cycle.

What would happen if decomposers did not break down dead organisms or waste

Carbon would not return to the soil or cycle properly.

What is the biosphere?

The largest level of life that includes all living things.

what is a population?

A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area.

What is a ecosystem?

Living things interacting with nonliving parts of the environment.

Whats the difference between a population and a species.

A population is the same species and a community is different populations

what is an ecosystem?

a community of living things interacting with the non-living parts.

What's the difference between a population and a community?

a population is a group of individuals of the same species a community is the assemblage of two or more different populations living in the same area.

Why do scientists study the ecosystem in levels?

studying the environment in levels help scientists better understand how living things interact with other organisms.

How does the change in a environment effect organisms.

If an animal is food supply decreases the animal finds different food source if the amount of sunlight decreases a plant bends itself.

What does adaptation mean?

adjust to changes in the environment.

What happens if the species cannot adapt or find a new place to live?

The species May face Extinction or decline in population.

what are the four things that can happen to living things when environment changes?

1. The species adapts to the changes

2. The species moves into another environment

3. The new species moves into the environment

4. The species dies out

Why is it bad when decomposers die?

The death of a species in an ecosystem can further disrupt ecosystem especially if it's a decomposer or an essential source of food for animals high in a food chain

What are limiting factors?

Limiting factors are living and non-living factors that regulate how many organisms live in an environment they restrict the growth of populations.

What is a carrying capacity?

The maximum population that an ecosystem can support.

how is carrying capacity determined?

It is determined by the availability of resources such as food, water, habitat, and space.

What causes carrying capacity to change?

If there is more food available than carrying capacities will increase if there is less water available than carrying capacity equal decrease in vice versa.

What happens if a population exceeds carrying capacity?

If the population exceeds caring capacity for a long period of time resources may be completely depleted populations may die off if all resources are exhausted.

What does a climate determine ?

The plants and animals that live in that region

Which biome has the greatest biodiversity of all biomes?

The tropical rainforest is known for having the greatest biodiversity of all biomes, hosting an immense variety of species and ecosystems.

Which biome has the least biodiversity?

polar region.

Which biome has high amounts of precipitation seasonal changes deciduous trees and shrub?

Temperate Forest

which biome has little to no precipitation little vegetation and animals?

desert.

In which freshwater donation does plants grow?

The LITTORAL zone

What freshwater zone can light not penetrate?

PROFUNDAL zone also called the APHOTIC zone

What zone does scavengers and decomposers live in?

The BENTHIC zone

How is water temperature and sunlight connected?

The less amount of sun, the colder the water is

Which marine zone allows photosynthesis because it receives enough sunlight?

The sunlight zone or EPIPELAGIC so

Which marine zone contains the most amount of living animals?

The INTERTIDAL zone

Which animals live on the deepest part of the Marines zone nation, also known as the trenches

Tubeworms, sea cucumbers, and jellyfish

How are fish adapted to survive in the low oxygen twilight zone?

They go to thermal vents that release, hot gases or bacteria, converts chemicals in the gases into food. Animals live there and feed on the bacteria.

What is the order of ocean zones from shallowest to deepest based on depth?

Sunlight zone, twilight zone, midnight zone, abyss, trenches,

Where do new communities develop?

On Bare rock

What is the first species to populate an area?

Pioneer species

What is the correct order in which organisms progressively inhabit new land?

LICHEN grows on rocks and break it up, which helps forms soil plants inhabit the land, small bushes, and trees move in then Flora, Anumals and fungi move

What is the climax community?

A community with organisms that have reached a study state

What’s the difference between primary and secondary succession?

In primary succession, it is the first thing to exist on that land in secondary succession. It is the previous climax community rebuilding itself.

What is biodiversity?

The variation of life on earth

Which type of biodiversity includes the variety of traits within a species

Genetic diversity

Which biodiversity includes the variety of ecosystem and the things inside of it

Ecosystem diversity

How does reproduction increased biodiversity?

It’s stabilized the species and increases the likelihood that a species can overcome disturbances in their environment due to the unique combination of traits

Why is variation among individuals within a species important?

It can help increase the likelihood that a species can overcome disturbances or changes in the environment

How does biodiversity increase the stability of a species?

The greater diversity within a species it’s more stable because the greater variation leads to a different traits or combination of traits which means i a species is more likely to overcome that disturbance with different traits to help them be resistant to disease

How does powder diversity help an ecosystem adjust to disturbances?